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    Bronchial Asthma 1

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    suarenduran

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    Bronchial Asthma 1

    Uploaded by

    suarenduran
    12 views24 pages

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    12 views24 pages

    Bronchial Asthma 1

    Uploaded by

    suarenduran

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 24

    CASE PRESENTATION

    ON
    BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
    INDEX

     DEFINITION  DIAGNOSIS
     ANATOMY AND  MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY  NURSING MANAGEMENT
     RISK FACTORS  COMPLICATIONS
     CAUSES  PREVENTION
     SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
    DEFINITION

     is a medical condition which


    causes the airway path of the
    lungs to swell and narrow.
    SYMPTOMS
     The symptoms may vary from individual to individual and depends
    on environmental factors. A person may show regular symptoms of
    the disease or periodic symptoms that may prompt at a certain time.
    The most common signs of asthma that can help diagnose the
    disease are:
     Breathlessness or short breath while talking, laughing, or running.
     Chest Pain or tightness.
     Sleep apnea or trouble while sleeping caused by breathlessness.
     Coughing or wheezing (whistling sound from chest while sleeping
    or lying down).
     Cold and flu due to viral infection.
    CAUSES

     Though the root cause of bronchial asthma is unclear, it


    occurs largely due to environmental or genetic factors.
    The factors that trigger an asthma reaction are:

     Exposure to substances such as pollen, dust, animal


    fur, sand, and bacteria, which triggers allergic
    reactions.
     Viral Infection like cold and flu, or pneumonia.
     Air Pollution, smoke, fumes from vehicles, etc.
     Stress and anxiety.
    CAUSES

     Physical activity or exercise induced asthma.


     Medications like aspirin, Ibuprofen, beta-blockers,
    etc.
     Acid reflux or gastroesophageal reflux disease
    (GERD).
     Perfumes and fragrances.
     Weather, especially extreme changes in
    temperature.
     Food additives (such as MSG).
    RISK
    The main risk factors include:
     Family history (parent or sibling) of bronchial
    asthma.
     Susceptive to an allergic reaction such as atopic
    dermatitis or hay fever.
     Habits which make you overweight.
     Smoking, or passive smoking.
     Exposure to chemical fumes or pollution, and
    irritants from hair sprays or perfumes.
    DIAGNOSED

     Peak flow test- Using a device called a


    peak flow meter, you forcefully exhale into the tube to
    measure the force of air you can expend out of your
    lungs. Peak flow monitoring can allow you to monitor
    how well your asthma is doing at home.

     Spirometry- A lung function test to measure breathing


    capacity and how well you breathe. You will breathe
    into a device called a spirometer.
    DIAGNOSED

     Methacholine or asthma trigger


     Nitric Oxide test
     Imaging tests- Your doctor may do a chest X-ray to
    rule out any other diseases that may be causing
    similar symptoms
    MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
     Anti-inflammatory drugs
     Drugs like corticosteroids (mometasone, flunisolide, etc.)
    are long-term medications and need time to reach
    maximum benefits. In cases of an asthma attack, oral
    medications like Accolate and Zyflo can provide relief for
    the day.
     Inhaled bronchodilators
     They act rapidly to ease symptoms of an attack.
     Ipratropium (Atrovent)
     When inhaled, it reacts quickly to relax the bronchi
    airways, thus restoring easy breathing. The medicine is
    used to treat chronic bronchitis and severe asthma
    attacks.
    NURSING MANAGEMENT
    PREVENTION

    In order to prevent the occurrence of the disease, one


    should take care of the following:

     Avoid doing any vigorous exercise.


     Take adequate diet.
     Use an asthma inhaler prescribed only by the
    doctor.
    WHEN DO I CONTACT THE
    DOCTOR
     Frequent episodes of coughing, wheezing, and causing
    short breath are the first indicators of the onset of this
    disease. The signs and symptoms demand medical
    attention and consultation with a specialist immediately.

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