Lecture – 01

Computer Tools

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 Contents
• Computer Defined
• Application Areas of Computer
• Basic Task of a Computer
• Data and Information
• Data / Information Processing Cycle
• Input
• Process
• Output
• Storage
• Set of Instructions

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 Computer Defined

Computer is an electronic device, which is capable of:

• Receiving the input

• Processing the data on the basis of given set of

instructions

• Producing the output

• Storing the information (if needed)

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 Is this a Computer?

• Input
• Process
• Output
• Storage

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 Is this a Computer?

• Input
• Process
• Output
• Storage

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 Is this a Computer?

• Input
• Process
• Output
• Storage

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 Is this a Computer?

• Input
• Process
• Output
• Storage

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 Why we need Computers

• As an easier resource to things such as communications. Through all types of

communication(via internet) we can advertise, sell , chat, phone call ,location to
location and many other things.

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 Application Areas of Computer

• Nowadays computers are considered backbone in many

different fields.

• 1. Education :
• Schools, Colleges, Universities

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 Application areas of computer

2. Military:
Missile launch, flight, Radar, Satellite Communications

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 Application areas of computer

3. Medicine:
Surgery, Remote treatment, X-Ray, Ultrasound, CT
Scan

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 Application areas of computer

4. Research:
Simulators, Special softwares,
Surveys

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 Application areas of computer

5. Entertainment:
Music, Movies, Games, 3D Cinemas, Virtual Reality

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 Application areas of computer

6. Business:
Banks, ATM, Online Banking, Online
Shopping

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 Application areas of computer

7. Industry:
Production, Painting, Robots, Engine
construction

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 Application areas of computer

8. Transportation:
Airline, Train reservation, Air traffic control, Auto
pilot

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 Application areas of computer

9. Office:
Office automation, email, MS
Office

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 Basic Task of a Computer

• Basic task of a computer is to convert Data (meaningless) in

to
Information (meaningful).

Data Information

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 Data and Information
Data:
• Data is collection of unorganized / unprocessed
items, which include words, numbers , images
and sounds.
• Computer process data to create information.

Information:
• Information is data which is organized, has
meaning and is useful.

• Example : Reports, Newsletters, a receipt, a

picture or invoice etc…
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 Data vs Information
DATA
Roll # Name Address Contact Position
IT01 Imran Nawabshah 0333 1st
IT02 Hassan Jamshoro 0300 2nd
IT03 Ali Hyderabad 0301 3rd
IT04 Zubair Nawabshah 0312 4th

Name of 1st position holder? Imran

How many students from nawabshah? 2, Imran & Zubair
Name of students who are using JAZZ connection? Hassan & Ali

Red color words are Information…

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 Data and Information
INFORMATION
DATA
• Information has meaning, its is
• Data has no any meaning, it is
• meaningful.
meaningless.
• Information is useful.
• Data is useless.
• Information is processed.
• Data is unprocessed.
• Output of the computer is
• Input to the computer is data.
(2+2) • Information.(2+2=4)
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 Data / Information Processing Cycle
Set of instructions
Instruction 1
Instruction 2
Instruction n

Data Information
Input Process Output

Information
Storage
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 Data / Information Processing Cycle

Input:
• Entering data in to the
computer.
• It is performed by input devices.

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 Data / Information Processing Cycle

Process:
• Performing operations on the data in order to convert it in to
information.
• It is performed by processing devices.

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 Data / Information Processing Cycle

Output:
• Presenting the
results/information.
• It is performed by output devices.

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 Data / Information Processing Cycle

Storage:
• Saving data, programs, output or information for future
use.
• It is performed by storage devices.

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 Data / Information Processing Cycle
Set of Instructions:
• Collection of instructions (Program) that converts the data in to
information.
• Contains procedure that converts data in to information.
• Stored in memory.

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