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Digital Image Processing - Introduction

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10 views20 pages

Digital Image Processing - Introduction

Uploaded by

Pio Rin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Digital Image Processing

Introduction
Scope of Image processing
Applied in whole range of electromanetic waves

In wide range of applications


Biology Astronomy Medical Daily images

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 2


Biomedical imaging
Cell counting

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 3


Medical imaging
X-ray - Broken bone Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images – Brain

Ultra sound – prenatal baby

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 4


Imaging in Industry
Control product quality and appearance

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 5


Automatic sorting
Barcode 1D&2D for identifying products and
consumer items

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 6


Imaging in robotics
Sputnik Sony Aibo robots - RoboCup

Mars rover - Opportunity Industrial Parallel robot:


Picking & Placing

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 7


Satelite images
Wiki mapia Weather forecast

Fire detection Where is it??? Military: Iran Nuclear Facility

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 8


Images in biometrics
Finger print Iris recognition

Face Detection &


Recognition

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 9


Surveillance systems
Transportation service Security service

Vehicle plate recognition


Super market
monitoring

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 10


Astronomy images
NASA Hubble Telescope

Suppernova Bubble (160,000


light-years from Earth)
Engle Nebula
(7,000 light-years
from Earth)

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 11


Office applications

Character recognition:
Vietnamese/English
Printed text - Scan/ digital text - PDA

Example of online text


recognition application

11/01/2024 Lê Thanh Hà 12
Product check
Compare the color of sample products with
produced products

Compare the shape of products:


Round
Length

11/01/2024 Lê Thanh Hà 13
Security applications
Fingerprint recognition
Human face recognition
Criminal recogntion
Information hiding in images

11/01/2024 Lê Thanh Hà 14
Gamma-Ray Imaging
Gamma-rays:
A nuclear emission ray
Patent is injected a
radioactive isotope
emitting gamma-ray
It also is jetted from 2
poles of a black-hole as it
swallows materials.
Detected by gamma-ray
detectors and produce
images.

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 15


X-Ray imaging
Medical applications:
Pictures inner parts of body.
Obtain images of blood
vessels.
Industrial applications:
Examine for flaws
Check for missing parts

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Ultraviolet Band
Use fluorescence
materials to detect
ultraviolet –rays

Many applications
in many areas:
industry, biologics,
astronomy, …

Ants can sense


ultraviolet-rays

11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 17


Microwave band
Radar:
To explore inaccesible regions of Earth’s surface.
To detect the distance to objects
It illuminates the target object and capture the
reflected microwave energy from radar antenna.

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Concepts of Digital Images
An Image is defined as a 2D function, f(x,y)

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
300
250
200
150 300
250
100 200
150
50 100
50
0

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Digital Image Processing
Low-level process:
• Inputs and outputs are images.
• Noise reduction, contrast enhancement, …

Mid-level process:
• Extract attributs from images.
• Segmentation, single object recog., …

High-level process
• Perform cognitive functions
11/01/2024 Le Thanh Ha, Lab of HMI 20

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