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Half Wave Rectifier

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23 views8 pages

Half Wave Rectifier

Uploaded by

banothkavya2005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRESENTATION ON

HALF WAVE RECTIFIER


By
G. Sai Deepika
EEE
INTRODUCTION

A half-wave rectifier is an electrical circuit used to


convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC).
It only allows one half of the AC waveform to pass
through, effectively blocking the other half. This results
in a pulsating DC output, which is not a constant DC but
rather a series of positive (or negative) pulses.
Basic Operations And Circuit
Diagram
Operation

- Positive Half-Cycle: During the positive half-


cycle of the AC input, the diode is forward-biased
and conducts current, allowing the positive half of
the AC waveform to pass through to the load
resistor.

- Negative Half-Cycle: During the negative half-


cycle, the diode is reverse-biased and blocks
current, preventing the negative half of the AC
waveform from reaching the load resistor.

Output Characteristics

The output of a half-wave rectifier is a pulsating


DC voltage. Because it only utilizes one half of the
AC cycle, it is less efficient than full-wave rectifiers,
Forward Bias
- Condition: When the positive terminal of the AC source is connected to the anode
and the negative terminal is connected to the cathode of the diode.
- Operation: In forward bias, the diode conducts current. The voltage drop across the
diode is typically very small (around 0.7V for a silicon diode). During this phase, the
AC voltage is passed to the load resistor, resulting in a positive output voltage.

Reverse Bias
- Condition: When the positive terminal of the AC source is connected to the cathode
and the negative terminal is connected to the anode of the diode.
- Operation: In reverse bias, the diode does not conduct current. There is a high
resistance and almost no current flows through the circuit. During this phase, the load
resistor receives no voltage, and the output voltage is zero.
Detailed Graphs of Diode Biasing

Forward Bias Graph:

During the positive half-cycle:


- Input Voltage (V_in): Positive
- Diode State: Conducting (Forward Biased)
- Output Voltage (V_out): Positive and follows
the input voltage minus the diode's forward
voltage drop (approximately 0.7V for silicon
diode .

Reverse Bias Graph:

During the negative half-cycle:


- Input Voltage (V_in): Negative
- Diode State: Non-conducting (Reverse Biased)
- Output Voltage (V_out): Zero, as the diode
blocks the current.
Applications

- Simple Power Supplies: Used in basic DC power supplies


where high efficiency and low ripple are not critical.

- Signal Demodulation: In radio receivers to extract audio


signals from radio frequency signals.

Advantages:
- Simple and easy to construct.
- Low cost.

Disadvantages:
- Inefficient as it only uses half of the AC cycle.
- Produces a high ripple factor, requiring additional filtering to
smooth the output.
Derivatives of average voltage and current formula
d
Thank you

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