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Variables

THIS WILL HELP STUDENTS TO KNOW ABOUT VARIABLES IN MATHEMATICS.

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Hero Hijastro
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15 views

Variables

THIS WILL HELP STUDENTS TO KNOW ABOUT VARIABLES IN MATHEMATICS.

Uploaded by

Hero Hijastro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Variables

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Variables

Characteristic that can be measured and


that can assume different values. Height,
age, income, province or country of birth,
grades obtained at school and type of
housing are all examples of variables.
Variables may be classified into two main
categories: categorical and numeric
Statistical terms and concepts
Definition

A variable is any characteristic, number, or


quantity that can be measured or counted. A
variable may also be called a data item. Age, sex,
business income and expenses, country of birth,
capital expenditure, class grades, eye colour and
vehicle type are examples of variables. It is called a
variable because the value may vary between data
units in a population, and may change in value
over time.
Types Of variables

Quantitative Variables
- is a type of variable that can be measured
numerically. It represents quantities or amounts, and
its values can be ordered and compared
mathematically
Ex. Measure, age, height and salary.
Discrete Variables

- these variables can only take on a finite


number of values or a countable number of
values.
Ex. Number of students in a class, number of
cars in a parking lot, number of siblings you
have.
Continuous variable

 is a numeric variable observations can take


any value between a certain set of real
numbers. The value given to an observation
for a continuous variable can include values
as small as the instrument of measurement
allows. Ex. of continuous variables include
height, time, age, and temperature.
Classification of variables

Dependent variables
The factor you measure or observe to see
how it's affected by the independent variable.
Ex. The height of the plant (you measure this
to see the effect of the fertilizer).
Numeric variables
 Numeric variables have values that
describe a measurable quantity as a
number, like 'how many' or 'how much'.
Therefore, numeric variables are
quantitative variables.
Independent variables
The factor you change or manipulate to see
its effect on the dependent variable.

Ex. The amount of fertilizer used (you


control this).
Random variables

 A random variable conveys the results of


an objectively random process, like rolling a
die, or a subjectively random process, like
an individual who is uncertain of an outcome
due to incomplete information.
Categorical variables

 have values that describe a 'quality' or


'characteristic' of a data unit, like 'what type'
or 'which category'. Categorical variables fall
into mutually exclusive (in one category or
in another) and exhaustive (include all
possible options) categories.
Dummy variables

 In regression analysis, a dummy variable is


a regressor that can take only two values:
either 1 or 0.

Dummy variables are typically used to


encode categorical features.
Ratio variables

 A ratio variable is a type of quantitative


variable in statistics that has a meaningful
zero point and can be measured on a
continuous scale. In other words, the values
of a ratio variable can be expressed as a
ratio of two numbers, where the
denominator is not equal to zero.
Thank you
for
listening

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