TECHNO ECONOMICAL DEMAND BASED ANALYSIS IN

END OF LIFE WASTE MANAGEMENT

PRESENTED BY

A. VIJAY KUMAR : 20U45A0201

K. CHANDRIKA : 20U45A0229
P. MURARI : 20U45A0242
P. SAI KONDAYYA : 19U41A0210

Under the Esteemed Guidance of

Dr.A.S.L.K.GOPALAMMA
Assoc.Professor & Head Of Department ,EEE

DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY ​

(Approved by A.I.C.T.E., New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUK, Kakinada)​​
NAAC A ACCREDITED INSTITUTE​​ 1
NH-16, Anakapalle – 531002, Visakhapatnam, A.P.​​
 TECHNO ECONOMICAL DEMAND BASED
ANALYSIS IN END OF LIFE MANAGEMENT

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CONTENTS:

• ABSTRACT

• MOTIVATION

• LITERATURE SURVEY

• OBJECTIVES

• METHODOLOGY

• INNOVATION TITLE

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ABSTRACT:

In the world, the waste volume increases day by day in modern communities. It ensures
the level of requirement of waste management policies to reduce the effect of dumping waste and
toward incineration. In this project, we worked on a balanced material demand-based plastic waste
management optimization model, and the following model results in the economic parameters on
different stages of recycling. The model primarily depends on the demand of By-products of each step
and the rate of recycling and dumping. Big Bang big crunch and Ray optimization algorithm used to
evaluate the dependency of economic parameter values and the effective minimal cost of each stage
in waste management. Another important aspect is End of life management. Solar is one of the
accessible green energy resources, but to make it really green, we should focus on the end life
management of it. The proper way of recycling and reuse of material can unlock significant challenges
behind. Three Rs play a major role in any production to end the circular economic cycle and they are
Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. In this work, the cost benefit analysis performed by introducing novel
structure of plastic waste management and applied the strategy of Big Bang big crunch & Ray
optimisation algorithm method of optimisation to study the cost benefit analysis.
MOTIVATION:
This aims the one environmental downside to solar technology is that it
contains many of the same hazardous materials as electronics. The problem
of disposing the hazardous waste becomes an additional challenge. Here it
was so much cheaper to make new solar panels from raw materials than to
recycle them.

The one environmental down side to solar technology is that it

contains may of the same hazardous materials as electronics. The problem of disposing
the hazardous waste becomes an additional challenge. Here it was so much cheaper to
make new solar panels from raw materials then to recycle them.

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LITERATURE SURVEY:

This study introduces the Vibrating Particles System, a

new meta-heuristic algorithm based on free vibration of single degree of freedom systems
with viscous damping System (VPS). The candidates for the solution are viewed as
particles that slowly move towards their equilibrium positions. In order to maintain a
healthy balance between intensification and diversity, equilibrium positions are obtained
from the current population and historically best position. The performance of the
suggested system is assessed by using it to optimise the size of four skeletal structures,
including trusses and frames. Results demonstrate how dependable and robust the
proposed algorithm is. Yang and Deb recently created the Cuckoo Search (CS)
metaheuristic optimisation technique (2009).

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This study compares various common test functions with recently created stochastic test
functions in a more thorough manner. Then, we use the CS method to address engineering
design optimisation issues, such as spring design and welded beam structures. The best
solutions produced by an effective particle swarm optimiser are substantially inferior to the
ideal ones produced by CS. We will go over the special search features used by CS and how
they affect future study. Currently, the amount of solid trash created in contemporary
consumer societies is rising, necessitating legislative steps to lessen the amount of rubbish
that needs to be disposed of or burned.

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 In order to analyse the effects of policy initiatives that promote recycling, a
materials balance optimisation model for recycling plastics is built in this study. The study
offers the findings of a fee placed on the disposal and incineration of plastics, as well as the
construction of the optimisation model. According to the estimations, significant effort must
be undertaken in order to meet the public authorities' 2000 targets for plastic recycling.
Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994. Copyright. The effects of recycling technology for
crystalline Si, thin-film Si,and CIGS PV modules on the environment were assessed.

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 According to the potential for global warming, acidification, human
toxicity, and abiotic resource depletion, recycling these PV modules is beneficial to the
environment overall (ADP). On the other hand, despite having negligible net effects, recycling
efforts do not fully offset the environmental costs associated with photochemical ozone
production potential (PCOP) and eutrophication potential (EP). Yet, advances in technology and
effective transportation will help to lessen these effects.

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 The amount of outdated PV panels will rise together with the PV power
generation over time. Here, the rules for managing PV waste from various parts of the world
are described, and a guideline for Bangladesh is created in accordance with those rules.
Based on the information at hand, it is concluded that effective management of PV- waste
can release a sizable supply of raw materials and other useful components.

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OBJECTIVES:

1. To study the importance of waste management in this industrial revolution 5.0.

2. 2. To study techno economical demand based plastic waste management.

3. 3. Application of the plastic waste model with modern metaheuristic

algorithms.

4. 4. To study the process and control of PV waste management industry.

5. 5. To study the PV recycling system using automation real time simulation tools

like CoDeSys v2.3 software.

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METHODOLOGY:

(a)Big Bang Big Crunch Algorithm :

Erol and Eksin have created a fresh and straightforward nature-
based or physics-based metaheuristic, which was motivated by the energy dissipation in the form of
change from an ordered state to a disordered or chaotic state. The Big Bang Theory, the most popular
evolutionary explanation for the creation of the universe, is the inspiration for the algorithm known as
Big Bang-Big Crunch (BB-BC). This hypothesis states that while particles were losing energy during the
Big Bang phase, they were being pulled towards irregularity and converged during the Big Crunch
period. The first Big Bang for BB-BC, like other population-based metaheuristics, is a set of random initial
candidate solutions.

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 Indeed, every Big Bang phase comes after a Big Crunch phase, with
the exception of the first population, which should be produced at random somewhere in
the search space. A Big Crunch phase should follow each Big Bang phase to choose the
convergence operator that will cause particles to be pulled into an organised pattern in
the following Big Bang phase. The location of the best candidate solution or the weighted
average of the candidate solution placements can serve as the convergence operator. To
fulfil a stopping criterion and direct the particles towards the global optimum, the
algorithm's cyclic body repeatedly performs the two stages of contraction (Big Crunch)
and dispersion (Big Bang).

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(b) Ray Optimization Technique:

According to Snell's law of light refraction,

light refracts as it passes through one material and then another. Refraction is influenced
by two factors: the ratio of the refraction indices of the two media and the angle formed
between the incident ray and the normal vector of the interface surface. When it transitions
from a lighter to a darker medium, its direction changes in a way that gets closer to the
standard vector. The RO's bodily actions are what make it up. According to Snell's law of
light refraction, the RO agents are regarded as the starting locations of light beams that are
updated in the search space or that are travelling from one medium to another.

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Fig Big Bang Big Crunch Fig Ray Optimization technique
 RESULT ANALYSIS:

Table Dynamic cost benefit analysis using BBBC Method

Fig Cost benefit analysis under different population size

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 Fig.Table Dynamic cost benefit analysis using ROA Method
Fig Cost benefit analysis under dynamic
iterations

Comparative cost benefit analysis using

+++++++
ROA and BBBC Method
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References :-

1. Kaveh A, IlchiGhazaan M (2017) A new meta-heuristic algorithm: vibrating particle

system. Sci Iran Trans a CivEng 24(2):551–566

2. Yang XS, Deb S (2010) Engineering optimization by cuckoo search. Int J Math Model
Numer Optim 1:330–343

3. Palitzsch, W., Loser, U.: Integrated PV-recycling-more efficient, more effective. In: 2017
IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference, pp. 2272–2274 (2018).
https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc. 2017.8521517

4. Einhaus, R. et al.: Recycling and Reuse potential of NICE PV-Modules. In: 2018 IEEE 7th
World Conference Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, WCPEC 2018—A Jt.
Conference 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC 34th EU PVSEC, no. 1, pp. 561–564 (2018).
https://doi.org/10. 1109/PVSC.2018.8548307

5. Urashima, N., Izumina, M., Arita, A., Matsumoto, K.: Research & development on recycling
technology of photovoltaic power generation systems—a social system for PV recycling. In:
Proceedings of 3rd World Conference on photovoltaic Energy Conversion, Osaka, vol. 2, pp.
1985–1987 (2003) 18
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