III Module 4

INQUIRIES
INVESTIGATION
S, AND
IMMERSION
QUARTER 3, MODULE 4
INQUIRIES
INVESTIGATIONS,
AND IMMERSION
Quarter 3–Module 4:
Citation of
Review of Related
Literature
What I Need to Know
This is comprised of two different lessons
that are congruent to one another. These
are the following:
Lesson 1 – Definition, Importance, and

Styles of Citation; and
Lesson 2- The American Psychological
Association Format of
Referencing.
What I Need to Know
At the end of the lessons, you
are expected to:
1. define what citation is;
2. enumerate importance of citation
in Review of Related Literature (RRL);
3. differentiate each of the styles of
citation with one another; and
4. craft the RRL Chapter following the
formatting guidelines for citation and
referencing page using the American
Psychological Association (APA) style.
What I Know
Answer the following questions in order for you to be ready on the content of
this module.
Read each question carefully and choose the correct letter of the best answer.
Write your answers on your notebook.
1. If the researcher failed to cite the source of the information he/she has put on her
manuscript, the researcher will be charged of ______.
a. Citation c. Ethical Considerations
b. Referencing d. Plagiarism
2. In the field of education, business, and communication, what citation style will
they use?
a. Modern Language Association c. Chicago Style
b. American Psychological Association d. Turabian Style
What I Know
3. This is where the researcher tells to her target readers

that the information that are in his manuscript came from
another author or another source.
a. Citation c. Ethical
Considerations
4. What citation style can we use if we belong in the field of

Humanities?
a. Modern Language Association c.
Chicago Style
What I Know
5. In what citation style, do the notes and bibliography

style belong?
Chicago Style
b. American Psychological Association d. Turabian
Style
What I Know
Answer the following questions in order for you to be ready on the content of
this module.
Read each question carefully and choose the correct letter of the best answer.
1. If the researcher failed to cite the source of the information he/she has put on her
manuscript, the researcher will be charged of ______.
a. Citation c. Ethical Considerations
2. In the field of education, business, and communication, what citation style will they
use?
a. Modern Language Association c. Chicago Style
b. American Psychological Association d. Turabian Style
What I Know
3. This is where the researcher tells to her target readers

that the information that are in his manuscript came from
another author or another source.
a. Citation c. Ethical
Considerations
4. What citation style can we use if we belong in the field of

Humanities?
Chicago Style
What I Know
5. In what citation style, do the notes and bibliography

style belong?
Chicago Style
b. American Psychological Association d. Turabian
Style
Plagiarism is unethical practice of
using words or ideas (either planned and
accidental) of another author/ researcher
or your own previous works without proper
acknowledgement.
This lesson will help you avoid the so called
plagiarism. Below are the activities and discussions that
will enable you to develop your citation and referencing
skills while dealing with your academic paper.
What’s In
What’s In
True
True
False
True
True
accuracy
objectivity
coverage
relevance
synthesis
What is It?
What is citation?
A citation are set of rules on how to cite sources in an
academic writing. Whenever you refer to someone else’s work, a
citation is required in order to avoid plagiarism (Swaen,2015). In
addition, citation is referred to as, the way you tell your readers that a
certain material in your work came from another source. It will give
the readers the information necessary to find that source again
(Turnitin, 2017).
What is It?
Below are the other reasons that you need to bear in mind while crafting
and completing your Chapter II.
The Importance of Citation
1. It is helpful for anyone who wants to find out more about your
ideas and where they came from.
2. Citing sources shows the amount of research you’ve done.
3. Citing sources strengthens your work by lending outside support to
your ideas.
4. It is a basis of authenticity of one’s study.
5. It ensures the ethical and academic honesty of someone’s work.
6. It reveals the sources of information and knowledge.
7. It served as a legal basis in crafting the body of your study.
Those are some of the importance of citing sources
while you are working and crafting your Review of
Related Literature Chapter.
Remember!
A simple mention of other’s work, or even a
part of their work may be paraphrased or
may directly copied on the body of your
academic paper is very important.
Styles of Citation used in
an Academic Paper
1. Modern Language Association
(MLA)
 It is widely used in the Humanities such as in the
fields of English, Literatures, Arts, and Philosophy. It
uses brief parenthetical citations in the text that
refers to an alphabetical list of work cited appearing
at the end of the work.
These are the examples of MLA Style of
Citation when it comes to a Book as a source
of the researcher’s Review of Related
Literature.
MLA Style of Citation
American Psychological Association
(APA)
This citation style uses an author-date

system. It is widely used in the Social
Sciences field such as Anthropology,
Business, Communication, Education, Political
Science, and Psychology. It uses in-text
citation in the text that refer to an
alphabetical list of references appearing the
end of the work.
3. Chicago
Itis a citation style that was

introduced and published by the
Chicago University. This style
supports two styles:
3.1 Notes and Bibliography; and
3.2 Author-Date.
What’s More
Below are given set of citation styles that are usually
used by researcher. Identify whether the given citation
is an APA, MLA, or CHICAGO. Write your answers on
your notebook.
1. According to Volery and Lord (2000) they stated that

there are three different success factors in an online
learning delivery, namely: technology, the instructor,
and the previous use of technology from a student’s
perspective.
What’s More
2.As per the research paper entitled, “Online Formative
Assessment in Higher Education: A Review of the
Literature” noted that “effective online formative
assessment can foster a learner and assessment-
centered focus through formative feedback and
enhanced learner engagement with valuable learning
experiences”(Gikandi, Morrow,Davis 1).
3. Gikandi et.al.(2011) stated that an effective

formative assessment can foster a learner and
assessment-centered focus through formative feedback
and enhanced learner engagement with valuable
What’s More
4. It was noted in the study that there are three different
success factors in an online delivery which comprises of the
following: technology, the instructor, and the previous use of
technology from student’s perspective (Volery & Lord, 2000).
5. In the study entitled, “Integrating Computer-Based and

Teacher-Based Scaffolds in Science Inquiry”, appeared that
students who used continuous computer-based procedural
scaffolding with early teacher-based metacognitive scaffolding
performed best in acquiring scientific inquiry skills (Wu &
Pedersen, 2011).
What’s More
1. According to Volery and Lord (2000) they stated that

there are three different success factors in an online
learning delivery, namely: technology, the instructor,
and the previous use of technology from a student’s
perspective.
APA
What’s More
2.As per the research paper entitled, “Online Formative
Assessment in Higher Education: A Review of the
Literature” noted that “effective online formative
assessment can foster a learner and assessment-
centered focus through formative feedback and
enhanced learner engagement with valuable learning
experiences”(Gikandi, Morrow,Davis 1). ANSWER: MLA
3. Gikandi et.al.(2011) stated that an effective

formative assessment can foster a learner and
assessment-centered focus through formative feedback
and enhanced learner engagement with valuable
What’s More
4. It was noted in the study that there are three different
success factors in an online delivery which comprises of the
following: technology, the instructor, and the previous use of
technology from student’s perspective (Volery & Lord, 2000).
ANSWER: APA
5. In the study entitled, “Integrating Computer-Based and

Teacher-Based Scaffolds in Science Inquiry”, appeared that
students who used continuous computer-based procedural
scaffolding with early teacher-based metacognitive scaffolding
performed best in acquiring scientific inquiry skills (Wu &
Pedersen, 2011). ANSWER: APA
11. Authenticity
12. Ethical
13. Honesty
14. Reveals
15. Legal
Assessmen
t
Read and answer the questions below. Choose the letter of the best answer.
1. This refers to unethical practice of using words or ideas (either planned or

accidental) of another author/ researcher or your own previous works
without proper acknowledgement.
A. Citation C. Ethical
Consideration
B. Referencing D. Plagiarism
2. This is the process by which a researcher will tell to her target that a
certain material in his work came from another source.
Consideration
Assessmen
t
. What citation style is commonly used in the field of
3
Humanities?
A. Modern Language Association C. Chicago Style
B. American Psychological Association D. Turabian Style
4. What style of citation is widely used in the field of

education, businesses, and communication?

Assessmen
t
Assessmen
t
Assessmen
t
Read and answer the questions below. Choose the letter of the best answer.
1. This refers to unethical practice of using words or ideas (either planned or

accidental) of another author/ researcher or your own previous works
without proper acknowledgement.
Consideration
2. This is the process by which a researcher will tell to her target that a
certain material in his work came from another source.
Consideration
Assessmen
t
. What citation style is commonly used in the field of
3
Humanities?
4. What style of citation is widely used in the field of

education, businesses, and communication?
B. American Psychological Association D. Turabian

Style
Assessmen
t
B
Assessmen
t
C
B
A
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INQUIRIES

Lesson 1 – Definition, Importance, and

3. This is where the researcher tells to her target readers

4. What citation style can we use if we belong in the field of

5. In what citation style, do the notes and bibliography

3. This is where the researcher tells to her target readers

4. What citation style can we use if we belong in the field of

5. In what citation style, do the notes and bibliography

The Importance of Citation

This citation style uses an author-date

Itis a citation style that was

1. According to Volery and Lord (2000) they stated that

3. Gikandi et.al.(2011) stated that an effective

5. In the study entitled, “Integrating Computer-Based and

1. According to Volery and Lord (2000) they stated that

3. Gikandi et.al.(2011) stated that an effective

5. In the study entitled, “Integrating Computer-Based and

1. This refers to unethical practice of using words or ideas (either planned or

B. American Psychological Association D. Turabian Style

4. What style of citation is widely used in the field of

B. American Psychological Association D. Turabian Style

1. This refers to unethical practice of using words or ideas (either planned or

B. American Psychological Association D. Turabian Style

4. What style of citation is widely used in the field of

B. American Psychological Association D. Turabian

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