Lecture – 11

UML Basics: Inheritance, Association,

Aggregation and Composition

Mohammad Hasan
Assistant Professor & Adjunct Faculty
Department of CSE, NDUB
 Contents
 UML Basics
- Generalization (Inheritance) – IS-A Relationship
- Association
- Aggregation
- Composition – HAS-A Relationship

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 Topic - 1 : Inheritance (Generalization)

 A generalization is a taxonomic relationship between a more general classifier

and a more specific classifier.

 Represents an "is-a" relationship.

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 SubClass1 and SubClass2 are specializations of SuperClass.
 IS-A relationship

Bank Human
Super // Generalization

extends extends

DBBL Boy
Sub // Specialization

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 Topic - 2 : Association

 Relationship between two separate classes which establishes through their

Objects. .
 Also known as “has-a" relationship.
 Each class is independent. They can exist without each other.

Course has Teacher

Customer buys Product

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 Two types of Association
 Unary Association: Class A has Class B; But Class B does not have Class A

A has B Customer Product

buys

 Binary Association: Both Classes know about each other.

A has B Student has Teacher

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Unary Association
Two types and Binary Association
of Association
1. Unary Association

Customer buys
Product
>

Customer Class will have the object of Product

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Unary Association
Two types and Binary Association
of Association
2. Binary Association

Student Teacher

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 Unary Association
Two types and Binary Association
of Association
2. Binary Association (Solved by Association Class)

Student Teacher

AssociationClass

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Topic - 3 : Aggregation and Composition
[Whole/Part Relationship]

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 3.1: Aggregation
 Specified form of Association
 Whole/Part Relationship

A B

Whole Part

 Class B is a part of Class A.

 Both Classes are independent. Part class can exist without Whole Class.

Car Engine

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Whole Part
 3.2: Composition
 Specified (Stronger) form of Association
 Whole/Part Relationship

A B

Whole Part

 Class B is a part of Class A.

 The existence of Part class depends on Whole Class.

Car Windo House Kitche

w n
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Whole Part
The figure below shows the three types of association connectors:
association, aggregation and composition

We see the following relationships:

• owners feed pets, pets please owners

(Association)

• a tail is a part of both dogs

(Aggregation / Composition)

• a dog is a kind of pet

(Inheritance / Generalization)

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 UML Notation

Inheritance

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Example - 1

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Example – 2: Description to UML

 Volvo is a Car.
 Every car has model and company of type string.
 Volvo has price of type double, productionYear and registrationNumber of type string.
 Volvo also has Engine and DashBoard.
 Engine has capacity of type double.
 DashBoard has size of type double.
 Car provides drive and stop as abstract service or method of type void.
 Volvo also provides changeFuel and checkBattery service or method of type void.

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Example – 2: Description to UML

 Volvo is a Car.
 Every car has model and company of type string.
 Volvo has price of type double, productionYear and registrationNumber of type
string.
 Volvo also has Engine and DashBoard.
 Engine has capacity of type double.
 DashBoard has size of type double.
 Car provides drive and stop as abstract service or method of type void.
 Volvo also provides changeFuel and checkBattery service or method of type void.
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Solution of Example – 2: Description to UML
• Volvo is a Car.
Car
• Every car has model and company of
#model : String
type string.
#company: String
• Volvo has price of type double,
productionYear and + drive () : void
registrationNumber of type string. + stop () : void

• Volvo also has Engine and

DashBoard. Engine
• Engine has capacity of type double. -capacity : double
• DashBoard has size of type double. Volvo
• Car provides drive and stop as - price: double
abstract service or method of type - productionYear: String
DashBoard
void. - registrationNumber: String
-size : double
• Volvo also provides changeFuel and
+ changeFuel() : void
checkBattery service or method of +checkBattery () : void 18
type void.
Solution of Example – 2: Description to UML
• Volvo is a Car.
Car
• Every car has model and company of
#model : String
type string.
#company: String
• Volvo has price of type double,
productionYear and + drive () : void
registrationNumber of type string. + stop () : void

• Volvo also has Engine and

DashBoard. Engine
• Engine has capacity of type double. -capacity : double
• DashBoard has size of type double. Volvo
• Car provides drive and stop as - price: double
abstract service or method of type - productionYear: String
DashBoard
void. - registrationNumber: String
-size : double
• Volvo also provides changeFuel and
+ changeFuel() : void
checkBattery service or method of +checkBattery () : void 19
type void.
Example – 3: Try Yourself
• Apple is a fruit
• Apple has color and origin
• Apple has Sticker
• Sticker has logo

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Thank you!

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