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Steel Column Design Procedure and Failures 10 Slides

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54 views10 pages

Steel Column Design Procedure and Failures 10 Slides

Uploaded by

vh11410civil21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design Procedure for a Steel

Column
and Criteria for Structural Column
Failures
Introduction to Steel Column
Design
• Steel columns are essential structural
elements used to carry loads in buildings and
structures. The design ensures that columns
can withstand axial loads, bending, and
buckling forces. Following a systematic
procedure is critical for ensuring safety and
efficiency in design.
Step 1: Determine the Loads on
the Column
• • Assess axial loads (dead and live loads)
• • Include wind, seismic, and eccentric loads if
applicable
• • Use appropriate load combinations (factored
loads)
Step 2: Estimate the Column Size
• • Select a trial section based on loading
• • Common sections: I-section, H-section,
tubular, etc.
• • Choose appropriate steel material grade
(e.g., ASTM A36)
Step 3: Calculate the Slenderness
Ratio
• • Slenderness ratio: λ = Leff / r
• • Leff = effective length (depends on end
conditions)
• • r = radius of gyration of the section
• • Slenderness ratio influences buckling
behavior
Step 4: Determine the Buckling
Mode
• • Buckling modes depend on column length
and end conditions
• • Use Euler’s Buckling Formula for critical
buckling load:
• Pcr = π²EI / (KL)²
• • Consider elastic and inelastic buckling for
long and short columns
Step 5: Verify the Cross-Section for
Axial Load
• • Ensure the design compressive strength Pn
satisfies:
• Pn ≥ Pu (applied axial load)
• • Check against relevant design codes (AISC,
Eurocode)
• • Consider axial and bending interaction if
necessary
Step 6: Serviceability & Local
Buckling Checks
• • Perform deflection and serviceability checks
• • Ensure flange and web elements are not
slender
• • Avoid local buckling using width-to-thickness
ratios
Criteria for Structural Column
Failures
• • Global Buckling (Elastic, Inelastic)
• • Local Buckling
• • Yielding Failure
• • Torsional and Flexural-Torsional Buckling
• • Interaction between Axial Load and Bending
Finalizing and Optimizing the
Design
• • Optimize the column section for material
efficiency
• • Ensure the design meets cost, safety, and
performance goals
• • Finalize connection details (base plates,
anchor bolts, etc.)

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