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Lecture 8

ICT

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Mohammad Ahmad
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23 views

Lecture 8

ICT

Uploaded by

Mohammad Ahmad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CSC 101

Introduction to
Computing

Lecture 8
Muhammad Salman Ali
[email protected]

1
Transforming Data Into Information

 Understands only two states either


On or Off
 Makes different patterns of 0s and 1s
 Data vs Information
 How Computers Represent Data

2
How Computer Represent
Data
 Number system
 Manner of Counting
 Several different number
systems exist
 To Computer everything is
a number
 Alphabets, numbers,
punctuation marks, sound,
pictures, computer
instructions
 For example
 “Here are some words.” 3
Decimal Numbers
 Used by humans to count
 Latin word deci mean 10
 Also called Base 10
 Have 10 distinct digits
 0123456789
 10 is a two-digit number
 Digits combine to make
larger numbers

4
Binary Number System
 Switch has two states
 Off represents 0, On is 1
 Latin bi means 2
 Used by computers to count
 Two distinct digits, 0 and 1
 0 and 1 combine to make
numbers
 represent a quantity >1 it
uses two (or more) digits
 Pattern repeats indefinitely

5
Data Representation
A computer circuit represents the 0 or the 1
electronically by the presence or absence
of an electrical charge

6
Comparison Base 2 to
Base 16

7
Number Conversion
 Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal
 Decimal to Octal and Octal to Decimal
 Decimal to Hexadecimal and
Hexadecimal to Decimal
 Binary to Hexadecimal
 Octal to Hexadecimal
 Hexadecimal to Binary and Octal

8
Decimal To Binary
 1

9
Decimal To Binary
 (151)10 = (10010111)2

10
Decimal to Binary (with Fractions)

 (12.75)10 = (1100.11)2

11
Binary to Decimal

12
Binary to Decimal

13
Binary to Decimal
 11100012 = 11310

14
Binary to Decimal

 111001111012 = 185310
 110110102 = 21810

15
Binary to Decimal (with
Fractions)
 (10.011010101) = (2.416015625)
2 10

16
Exercise Decimal to
Binary

17
Exercise Decimal to
Binary

18
Decimal to Octal
 432110 = 103418

19
Decimal to Octal
(Fractions)
 0.05 = 0.03146
10 8

20
Octal to Decimal

 7438 = 48310 265258 = 1160510

21
Exercise Decimal to
Octal

22
Exercise Octal to
Decimal

 266018 =
 14228 =

23
Decimal to Hexadecimal

24
Decimal to Hexadecimal

25
Hexadecimal to Decimal

26
Hexadecimal to Decimal
 (ABC.123)16 = (2748.0710449219)10

27
Comparison Base 2 to
Base 16

28
Binary to Hexadecimal

29
Hexadecimal to Binary
and Octal

30
Octal to Hexadecimal

31
Exercise Binary to
Hexadecimal
 (10110101010101)  (1100010010)
2 2

32
Exercise Octal to
Hexadecimal
 (344)  (1422)
8 8

33
Number System Program
 Genius Maker
 Free software
 Use the number system

http://www.goldenkstar.com/number-system-school-software-maths.htm
34
Summary
 Number System
 Decimal

 Binary

 Octal

 Hexadecimal

 Number conversion

35
Recommended Websites
 http://www.cdrummond.qc.ca/cegep/info
rmat/Professeurs/Alain/files/ascii.htm
 http://www.lookuptables.com/ebcdic_sc
ancodes.php
 http://math.comsci.us/radix/hexadecimal
.html

36
Number System -
Exercise
Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal
(786)10 (1100010010)2 (1422)8 (312)16
(555)10 (1000101011)2 (1053)8 (22B)16
(228)10 (11100100)2 (786)8 (786)16
(179)10 (10110011)2 (786)8 (786)16
(483)10 (111100011)2 (743)8 (1E3)16
(4012)10 (111110101100)2 (7643)8 (FAC)16
(4321)10 (1000011100001)2 (10341)8 (10E1)16
(1853)10 (11100111101)2 (3475)8 (73D)16
(9526)10 (1001010011011)2 (22466)8 (2536)16
(11605)10 (10110101010101)2 (26525)8 (2D55)16
(48879)10 (111111011101111)2 (137357)8 (BEEF)16

37

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