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T3 - Analysing Features of Different Texts

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Rini Azrina Zabri
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8 views26 pages

T3 - Analysing Features of Different Texts

Uploaded by

Rini Azrina Zabri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analysing Features

of Different Texts
TSL1054
Language Development
MRN, RINI, EMI
Learning Outcomes
At the end of the topic, students should be able to:
1. Identify the features for different texts:
- Problem process solution
- Cause and effect
- Compare and contrast
TEXTS
● A text is a piece of writing that you read or create.
● The type or the characteristics of a text are very
important for any work of summarisation on it.
● It is easier to select the main ideas from certain types
of texts, as the narrative ones (texts “telling a story”)
then from others, such as expository texts (texts
“speaking about”).
Texts
● The type of a texts depend on their purpose,
structure (how the information is organised) and
language features.

● Among the common types of text structures are:


- Problem process solution
- Cause and Effect
- Compare and Contract
Problem Process Solution Text

● The purpose of Problem Process Solution Text is to


discuss one or more problems and provide one or more
solutions to the problem.

● Example: Thousands of people die each year in car


accidents involving drugs or alcohol. Lives could be
saved if our town adopts a free public taxi service. By
providing such a service, we could prevent intoxicated
drivers from endangering themselves or others
Problem, Process, Solution Text
● Problem and Solution is a pattern of organization where
information in a passage is expressed as a dilemma or
concerning issue (a problem) and something that was,
can be, or should be done to remedy this issue
(solution or attempted solution).
.
Problem, Process, Solution Text
● These texts are exactly what one might expect: identifying an
issue, giving details about it and suggesting solutions or one
solution that is best from many.
● For example, the author writes about a problem such as
population explosion. After explaining the problem in detail,
he or she would explores the solutions.
● Needless to say, the author also has to justify the solutions
proposed and how they can be implemented, if they are
actually feasible or not.
Problem Process Solution Texts
● Problem-solution essays are actually a sub-type of
another type of essay, which has the following four
components:

➔ Situation
➔ Problem
➔ Solution
➔ Evaluation
The structure of problem-
solution texts
Problem Process
Solution
● The 'situation' may be included in the essay prompt, in which
case it will not be needed in the main body. If it is needed, it
can often be included in the introduction, especially for short
essays, as with the example essay below.
● The 'evaluation' may be included as part of the conclusion
(also as in the example below), or omitted altogether,
especially for short essays.
● For these reasons, problem-solution essays are more
common than situation-problem-solution-evaluation essays
(or SPSE essays).
Problem Solution Text organisation 1
Problem Process Solution VS Cause and Effect

● The problem and solution text structure may seem like it would
be easy to recognize, but it can be moderately difficult to identify
because it is frequently confused with the cause and effect
pattern of organization, as they both have relational structures;
● However, if you read the passage and look specifically for both a
problem and a solution to the problem, you should find it pretty
easy to distinguish from cause and effect, as cause and effect
passages do not propose solutions to any negative occurrences
within the passage but rather just explain why or how they
happen.
Problem Solution Text
Organisation
• There are two main ways a problem-solution text is structured;
namely using a block or a chain structure.
• For the block structure, all of the problems are listed first, and all of
the solutions are listed afterwards.
• For the chain structure, each problem is followed immediately by
the solution to that problem.
• Both types of structure have their merits. The former is generally
clearer, especially for shorter texts, while the latter ensures that
any solutions the author presents relate directly to the problems
given.
Problem Solution Text Organisation
Language Use
● Signal words are used which may indicate that
information in a passage is ordered in the problem and
solution pattern of organization:
● propose, solution, answer, issue, problem, question,
problematic, remedy, prevention, fix, solve
● so that, because, as a result of, in order to
Cause and effect text
• Common way to organize information in a text.
• Paragraphs structured as cause and
effect explain reasons why something happened
or the effects of something.
• These paragraphs can be ordered as causes and
effects or as effects and then causes.
• generally used in expository and persuasive
writing modes.
• When an author gives reasons why something
happened, he or she is explaining what caused
an effect (reasons are causes and the thing that
happens is the effect).

• When a writer explains the results of an action,


he or she is explaining the effects of
a cause (results are effects and the thing that
occurs is the cause).
• signal words that may indicate that
information in a paragraph is organized as
cause and effect:
because, as a result, resulted, caused,
affected, since, due to, effect.
References
● https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-structure/
● https://www.eapfoundation.com/writing/essays/problemsolution/
● https://www.eapfoundation.com/writing/essays/problemsolution/
● Etc etc
THE END

THANK YOU

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