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LO 3-Administrating Network

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21 views19 pages

LO 3-Administrating Network

Uploaded by

Chala Bekele
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cabling system

 Three types of Ethernet cables are available

Straight-through cable

 Crossover cable

 Rolled cable
Straight-through Cable

A straight-through cable is an ethernet cable that connects


the wires within it one to one on both sides.

Straight-through cables are used to connect devices that

operate at different layers of the network model, such as a:-


 Computer and a switch
 Host to switch or hub
 Router to switch or hub
The crossover cable can be used to connect

 A crossover cable is a type of Ethernet cable that is

specifically designed to connect two similar devices

directly together, such as


 Switch to switch
 Hub to hub
 Host to host
 Hub to switch
 Router direct to host
 Pc to Pc
 Rolled Cable
You can use a rolled Ethernet cable to connect a
host to a router console serial communication
(com) port.
 Networking Devices

 The network device is one kind of device used to connect devices or computers
together to transfer resources or files like fax machines or printers.

 Common network device:-

 Hub
 Switch
 Router
 Bridge
 Gateway
 Modem
 Repeater
 Access Point
HUB
 A network hub is a node that broadcasts data to every computer or Ethernet-
based device connected to it.

 A hub is less sophisticated than a switch, the latter of which can isolate data
transmissions to specific devices.

 Network hubs are best suited for small, simple local area network (LAN)
environments.

 In general, a hub refers to a hardware device that enables multiple devices or


connections to connect to a computer.
 There are three types of network hubs:

 Passive

 Active

 Intelligent network.
Switch
 Just like a hub and a bridge, a switch is also used to connect multiple devices in a
LAN segment. A switch is the upgraded version of the bridge.

 The biggest advantage of a switch is that it makes switching decisions in


hardware by using application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs).
Router

 A router connects different network segments.

 A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer


networks. Routers perform the traffic directing functions on the Internet.

 To forward data packets to their destination, the router keeps a record of the
connected network.
The main functions of routers are the following: -

 To connect different network segments.


 To connect different network protocols such as IP and IPX.
 To connect several smaller networks into a large network.
 To break a large network into smaller networks.
 To connect two different media types such as UTP and Fiber optical.
 To connect two different network architectures such as Token Ring and
Ethernet.
 To connect LAN network with Telco company's office.
 To access DSL services.
Bridge

 A bridge is used to divide a large network into smaller segments. The basic functions
of a bridge are the following: -

1. Breaking a large network into smaller segments.


2. Connecting different media types such as UTP and fiber optic.
3. Connecting different network architectures such as Ethernet and the Token ring.

 A bridge can connect two different types of media or network architecture, but it
cannot connect two different types of network layer protocols such as TCP/IP or IPX.
It requires the same network-layer protocols across all segments.
There are three types of bridge:-

 Local Bridge

 Remote Bridge

 Wireless Bridge
Gateway

 Gateway is used to forward packets that originate from a local host or a local network
and are intended for remote networks.

 Modem

 A modem is a device that is used to connect to the Internet. Technically, it is the


device that enables digital data to be transmitted over telecommunication lines.
 Repeater
 Repeaters are usually used to strengthen signals going long distances.

 A repeater amplifies the signal it receives on one port before it transmits it


on other ports.
Network Interface Cards (NICs)
 NICs are the mechanisms by which computers connect to a
network.
 NICs come in all shapes and sizes, and they come in prices to suit
all budgets.
 Known as network card, network adapter, and LAN adapter, etc.
 When buying one consider

1. Network compatibility – Ethernet/Token Ring


2. Bus compatibility – PCI/ ISA /PCI-e
3. Port compatibility – UTP/ Fibre
4. Hardware compatibility – Easy to install / Recognized by many
OS’s
Wireless Access Point (WAP)
 are a transmitter and receiver (transceiver) device used for wireless LAN
(WLAN) radio signals.

 Depending on the size of the network, one or more WAPs may be required.

 Additional WAPs are used to allow access to more wireless clients and to
expand the range of the wireless network.
Transceivers
 transceiver = transmitter and a receiver

 device that receives data, converts it, and then sends it to another
location
 Rradio frequency transceivers, fiber-optic transceivers, Ethernet
transceivers, are examples
Firewall

 a hardware or software system that is used to separate one computer or network


from another one.

 The most common type is used to protect a computer or an entire network from
unauthorized access from the Internet.
 Firewalls can be programmed to filter data packets based on the information that is
contained in the packets.

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