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Lecture 17

Calculus Presentation 17

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23 views27 pages

Lecture 17

Calculus Presentation 17

Uploaded by

thedarkobliteration
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2 x 2 Determinant

 a11 a12 
A  
b b
 21 22 
a11 a12
det( A) 
b21 b22
a11b22  a12b21
3 x 3 Determinant
 a11 a12 a13 

A  a21 a22 a23 
 a31 a32 a33 
a11 a12 a13
det( A)  a21 a22 a23
a31 a32 a33
a11a22a33a12 a23a31a13a21a32 
a13a22a31 a11a23a32  a12a21a33
Or it can be expressed as

  
a11 a12 a13 a11 a12
a21 a22 a23 a21 a22
a31 a32 a33 a31 a32
  
Find the determinant of
the matrix.
 1 2 3

A   4 5 6  
 7  8 9 
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2
detA = -4 5 6 = -4 5 6 -4 5
7 -8 9 7 -8 9 7 -8
=  1.5.9 + 2.6.7 + 3.(-4).(-8)
-  3.5.7 +1.6.(-8)+ 2.(-4).9 

=  45+ 84 + 96  -  105 - 48 -72  = 240


For n 2, the determinant of
n x n matrix A is the sum of n
terms of the form a1 j det A1 j ,
with plus and minus signs
alternating, where the entries
a11 , a12 ,..., a1n
are from the first row of A.
OR in Symbols
det A a11 det A11  a12 det A12 
1 n
...  ( 1) a1n det A1n
n
 ( 1) 1 j
a1 j det A1 j
j 1
Compute the determinant of

1 5 0 

A  2 4  1 
 0  2 0 
Minor of a Matrix
If A is a square matrix, then the
Minor of entry aij (called the ijth
minor of A) is denoted by Mij
and is defined to be the
determinant of the sub matrix
that remains when the ith row
and jth column of A are deleted.
Cofactor
The number
Cij=(-1)i+j Mij
is called the cofactor
of entry aij

(or the ijth cofactor of A).


Find the minor and cofactor
of the matrix.
 3 1  4

A  2 5 6  
 1 4 8 
Cofactor Expansion
Across the First Row
det A a11C11  a12C12  ...  a1nC1n

i j
Ci j (  1) det Aij
Expand a 3x3 determinant
using cofactor concept
1 2 3
A  4 5 6
7 8 9
The determinant of a
matrix A can be computed
by a cofactor expansion
across any row or down
any column.
The cofactor expansion
across the ith row
det A ai1Ci1  ai 2Ci 2  ...  ainCin

The cofactor expansion


down the jth column
det A a1 j C1 j  a2 j C2 j  ...  anj Cnj
Use a cofactor expansion
across the third row to
compute det A, where
1 5 0 

A  2 4  1 
 0  2 0 
Evaluate the determinant of
2 0 0 5
 1 2 4 
1
A 
3 0 0 3
 
8 6 0 0
Show that the value of the
determinant is independent
of 
sin  cos 0
A   cos sin  0
cos  sin  sin   cos 1
Compute det A, where
 3  7 8 9  6
0 2  5 7 3 
 
A  0 0 1 5 0 
 
 0 0 2 4  1 
 0 0 0  2 0 
If A is triangular matrix, then
det (A) is the product of the
entries on the main diagonal.
 a11 0 0 0
a 0 
A  21 a22 0 det( A) a11a22 a33a44
 a31 a32 a33 0
 
 a41 a42 a43 a44 
1 0 0 0
4 9 0 0
(1)(9)( 1)( 2) 18
7 6 1 0
3 8 5 2
2 5 7
0 3 8 ( 2)(3)(5)  30
1 2 7 3 0 0 5
0 1 4 1
(1)(1)(2)(3) 6
0 0 2 7
0 0 0 3
Compute 5 7 2 2
0 3 0 4
5 8 0 3
0 5 0 6

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