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Methods of Philozophizing

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24 views32 pages

Methods of Philozophizing

Uploaded by

zermarkdeguzman
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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METHODS OF

PHILOSOPHIZIN
G
“Dont trust
everything you see,
even salt looks like
sugar”

-B.L. Berry
METHODS OF
PHILOZOPHIZIN
G
• In todays society we gathered so much
information through media and our
interactions with our friends, family, and
members of the community.
• Most of the information we receive is
helpful, but some may mislead us or may
even be utterly false.
• Every day we are confronted with news,
claims and announcements from our
peers, family members, figures of
authority, the government, and media.
•How do we know if
they telling the truth?
• Philosopher often grapple with the
concept of truth. Truth lies at the heart
of any inquiry. Knowledge must be
truthful to gain validity and
acceptance.
• However, the concept of truth remains
a highly debated and much-discussed
topic among philosophers
• Philosophers considered truth as a kind
For example, when we
answer a "True or False" test,
we judge if the statements
we read are true or false. This
means that statements may
have truth or may not have
truth.
Statements about the
world or reality are called
propositions.

Propositions are usually


stated as short statements
or sentences.
Direction: Write PHILOSOPHY
if the statement is FACT, and
write HUMAN if the statement
is BLUFF

PHILOSOPHY if FACT
HUMAN if BLUFF
1. Aesthetic refers to the
philosophy which deals with
the beauty and what makes
things beautiful.
2. Metaphysic are branch of
philosophy which deals with
questions regarding reality
3. The essence of
philosophy is “To search
questions to life’s
answers”
4. Sophia means Love
5. “No man is ever step in
6. Democritus devoted
himself to the study of
the causes of natural
phenomena
7. Aristotle is a
prominent student of
8. Deductive reasoning is the
process by which specific
statements are analyzed to
reach a conclusion or
generalization
9. Change is permanent aspect
of the human condition
10. There are 8 branches of
8. Deductive reasoning is the
process by which specific
statements are analyzed to
reach a conclusion or
generalization
9. Change is permanent aspect
of the human condition
10. There are 8 branches of
1. Information acquired through
experience, learning, or
investigation.

elodgkwen
KNOWLEDGE
2. Objective information that
is proven to be true or exist.

safct
FACTS
3. Statements supported by
evidence or assertion that
can be proven.

alimsc
CLAIMS
4. The state of being in
accordance with fact or
reality.

rthust
TRUTHS
TS
A C
F
What is truth and why is it important?

Before we discuss truth, it is important to


clarify knowledge, since it is through
knowing that we are able to determine
what is true.
C T
FA
LI D
VA
KNOWLEDGE - is the clear awareness and
understanding of something. It is the
product of questions that allow for clear
answers provided by facts. Our
knowledge is comprised of ideas and
beliefs that we know to be true
LI
A
I know that... R
R EA E A L
I know why... LITI
E S ITIE
I T I ES E S
I know how... RE A L ALIT
I
RE
These statements correspond to one important aspect
of knowledge - that it is on reality. This simply means
that what we know is what is observable or evident in
the real world. For example, we say that "I know that
fish live in water" because fish do live in water.
Propositions or statements which are observed to be
real or truthful are considered facts.
However, There are statements that
are not evidently or immediately
known to be true.

For example, we can say that "I


know that my school is the best
school in the city."
H ON E
HON
ES
This statement cannot be taken as
true since it is simply not
immediately evident.

This statement is a claim, and


further examination is required to
establish whether it is true or false.
H ON E
TRUSTWORT
• Truthful statements can be considered as based
on facts.
• Science considers truth as something observable
and empirical. This means that any claim can be
proven by verification and experimentation.
• Philosophy has various views which can help us
tackle the concepts of knowing the truth, and
arrive at a reasonable assessment if a statement,
idea, or event is believable.
TRUSTWORTHY
How do we know if something is
true?

• Philosophers emphasize the importance


of belief as a basis for determining truth.
• While people assume that everything we
know about this world is true.
Philosophers who pondered upon the
origins of knowledge doubted everything
that there is to know about themselves
and the world. In doing so, they were
But what kind of belief is truthful?
How do we know that what we
believe is true?

• Ancient Greek philosophers


approached the problem of truth by
looking at the nature of knowledge
and how we know what we know.
• Belief is true if it can be justified or
proven through the use of one's
The philosophers also believe
that claims and beliefs should
also be subjected to tests to
determine truth. Any claim
should be subjected to tests
to prove their validity.
How can philosophy guide us
in distinguishing truth from
opinion?

•Opinions are comprised of


statements which not only give
facts but also provide conclusions
or perspectives regarding certain
situations.
• Beliefs are statements that express
convictions that are not easily and clearly
explained by facts. To judge the
truthfulness of a belief, we must also
consider things such as the person's
experiences and views.
• Explanations are statements that assume
the claim to be true and provide reasons
why the statement is true.
• Arguments are a series of statements that
provide reasons to convince the reader or
Consider when looking at arguments or
opinion

Arguments often take the form of statements


that are either claims of facts and are phrased in
such a way that they seem reasonable.

Fallacies are arguments based on faulty


reasoning. Some of them are intentional, as the
person making the claim is desperate to convince
Biases are the personal views of the
person presenting it. They are not
necessarily errors in reasoning, but refer
to tendencies or influences which affect
the views of people.

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