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Number System

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Murali Vijay
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22 views

Number System

Uploaded by

Murali Vijay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Number System

Number Systems
• The language we use to communicate with each other is comprised
of words and characters. We understand numbers, characters and
words. But this type of data is not suitable for computers.
Computers only understand the numbers.

• So, when we enter data, the data is converted into electronic pulse. Each pulse is
identified as code and the code is converted into numeric format by ASCII. It gives
each number, character and symbol a numeric value (number) that a computer
understands. So to understand the language of computers, one must be familiar
with the number systems.

• A computer can understand only a few symbols called digits and these symbols
describe different values depending on the position they hold in the number. In
general, the binary number system is used in computers. However, the octal,
decimal and hexadecimal systems are also used sometimes.
Number System
• In computer architecture, a number system refers to the way data is
represented and processed by a computer. Computers use different
number systems, primarily binary (base 2), to encode and manipulate
data, as they can naturally represent electrical states (off is 0, on is 1).
This makes binary efficient for physical hardware.

• For example, when you type on a keyboard, each key press is


converted into a specific binary code that the computer understands to
display the corresponding character on your screen.
• Other number systems like hexadecimal (base 16) and octal (base 8)
are also used in computing for easier human readability and compact
data representation compared to binary.
The Number Systems used in
computers are:
• Binary number system
• Octal number system
• Decimal number system
• Hexadecimal number system
1.Binary number system
• Uses two digits, 0 and 1, with 0 representing "off" and 1
representing "on". Binary is considered the most
fundamental system and has advantages like ease of
coding, fewer computations, and fewer errors.
Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal
0 0000 0 0

1 0001 1 1

2 0010 2 2

3 0011 3 3

4 0100 4 4

5 0101 5 5

6 0110 6 6

7 0111 7 7

8 1000 10 8

9 1001 11 9

10 1010 12 A

11 1011 13 B

12 1100 14 C

13 1101 15 D

14 1110 16 E

15 1111 17 F
2. Decimal Number Systems
• The number system is having digit 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9; this
number system is known as a decimal number system because total
ten digits are involved.The base of the decimal number system is 10.

• Uses ten digits, 0 through 9, and is also used in computer science, but
not as fundamentally as binary.
3.Octal Numbers
• The base of a number system is equal to the number of
digits used, i.e., for decimal number system the base is
ten while for the binary system the base is two. The
octal system has the base of eight as it uses eight digits
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

• Uses eight digits, 0 through 7, and is often used in computer


programming and digital electronics.
4.Hexadecimal
• Uses 16 digits, 0 through 9 and A through F, and is also often used in
computer programming and digital electronics.

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