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Chapter 5

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19 views33 pages

Chapter 5

Uploaded by

biqilaaaddunyaa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Object Oriented Programming

CHAPTER - 5

Exception Handling
Content of the lecture

 Exception
 Types Of Exception
 Exception Handling
 Hierarchy of Exception Handling
 Try-Catch-Final Blocks,
 User Defined Exceptions
Exception Handling

 The process of converting system error messages into user friendly


error message is known as Exception handling

 Basically there are two types of error

• compile time error : It occurred due to poor understanding


of language
• Run time error : Occurred if user inputs invalid data
Types of Exception Handling

 In java there are two types of exception

1. Pre defined Exception

2. User defined exception

Predefined exception

 Are defined by sun microsystem and integrated in jdk to deal


with universal problems
Types of Exception Handling

 Predefined exception divided in two. they are

 Asynchronous exception :This Exception deal with hardware related problem.

There is pre defined class Java.lang.Error that used to deal with those problems.

 Synchronous Exception : Deal with programmatic error. To deal with those

error java.lang.Exception is given in jdk.

 Synchronous exception categorized into two

 Checked exception

 Unchecked exception
Types of Exception Handling

 Checked exception is one which deal with compile time


error regarding class not found exception and Interface
not found exception.
 Unchecked exception is one which deal with
programmatic run time error such are
ArithemeticException , NumberFormatException ,
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundException and etc
How exception occur in java run time
environment
Hierarchy of Exception classes
Handling the Exception

 Use Five keywords for Handling the Exception


 try
 catch
 finally
 throws
 throw
Syntax
try
{
// statements causes problem at run time
}
catch(type of exception-1 object-1)
{
// statements provides user friendly error message
}
catch(type of exception-2 object-2)
{
// statements provides user friendly error message
}
finally
{
// statements which will execute compulsory
}
Exception Message Details
Exception message format:
[exception class]: [additional description of
exception]
at [class].[method]([file]:[line number])

Example:
java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 2
at
ExceptionExample.main(ExceptionExample.java:4)
 What exception class? ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
 Which array index is out of bounds? 2
 What method throws the exception? main

 What file contains the method? ExceptionExample.java

 What line of the file throws the 4

exception?
Example without Exception Handling
Example with Exception Handling

Output:
Denominator can’t be Zero
try and catch block

 Inside try block we write the block of statements which causes


executions at run time in other words try block always contains
problematic statements.
 Important points about try block
 If any exception occurs in try block then CPU controls comes out to the
try block and executes appropriate catch block.
 After executing appropriate catch block, even through we use run time
statement, CPU control never goes to try block to execute the rest of the
statements.
 Each and every try block must be immediately followed by catch block
Syntax
try
{
.....
}
/* Here no other statements are allowed
between try and catch block */
catch()
{………..}
 Each and every try block must contains at least one catch
block. But it is highly recommended to write multiple catch
blocks for generating multiple user friendly error messages.
 One try block can contains another try block that is nested or
inner try block can be possible.
catch block

Inside catch block we write the block of statements which will


generates user friendly error messages.
catch block important points
 Catch block will execute when exception occurs in try block.
 You can write multiple catch blocks for generating multiple user friendly
error messages to make your application strong. You can see below
example.
 At a time only one catch block will execute out of multiple catch blocks.
 in catch block you declare an object of sub class and it will be internally
referenced by JVM.
finally Block in Exception Handling

 Inside finally block we write the block of statements which


will relinquish (released or close or terminate) the resource
(file or database) where data store permanently.
 finally block important points
 Finally block will execute compulsory
 Writing finally block is optional.
 You can write finally block for the entire java program
 In some of the circumstances one can also write try
and catch block in finally block.
Example

Output
Catching Multiple Exceptions
 Handle multiple possible exceptions by multiple successive catch blocks
try {
// code that might throw multiple exception
}
catch (IOException e) {
// handle IOException and all subclasses
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException e2) {
// handle ClassNotFoundException
}

Rule: At a time only one Exception is occurred and at a time only one catch

block is executed.
Example

Output
Compile Time Error
Example : Multi catch block
 If you have to perform different
tasks at the occurrence of
different Exceptions, use java
multi catch block.

Output
task1 completed
rest of the code...
Java Nested try block
Syntax:
 Java Nested try block: The try
block within a try block is known ....
try
as nested try block in java.
{ statement 1;
 Why use nested try block: statement 2;
try
Sometimes a situation may arise
{ statement 1;
where a part of a block may statement 2;
} catch(Exception e) {
cause one error and the entire
} }
block itself may cause another catch(Exception e)
{ }
error. In such cases, exception
....
handlers have to be nested.
Java nested try example
Throws

 The Java throws keyword is used to declare an exception.


It gives an information to the programmer that there may
occur an exception.
 So, it is better for the programmer to provide the exception
handling code so that the normal flow of the program can
be maintained.
 Syntax
Example
Throw

 Throw is a keyword in java language which is used to throw


any user defined exception to the same signature of method
in which the exception is raised.
 Throw keyword always should exist within method body.
 whenever method body contain throw keyword than the
caller method should be followed by throws keyword.
 Syntax:
Example
Custom Exception in Java
 It is exception designed by programmer.
 Rules to design user defined Exception
 Create a package with valid user defined name.
 Create any user defined class.
 Make that user defined class as derived class of
Exception or RuntimeException class.
 Declare parametrized constructor with string variable.
 call super class constructor by passing string variable
within the derived class constructor.
 Save the program with public class name.java
Example
Example
Example
Difference between throw and throws in Java

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