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Chapter 04

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12 views22 pages

Chapter 04

Uploaded by

Mohammed Ibrahim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 4 File Systems

File Systems
(1)
Essential requirements for long-
term information storage:

• It must be possible to store a very large


amount of information.
• The information must survive the
termination of the process using it.
• Multiple processes must be able to
access the information concurrently.
File Systems
(2)
Think of a disk as a linear sequence of
fixed-size blocks and supporting
reading and writing of blocks.
Questions that quickly arise:

• How do you find information?


• How do you keep one user from reading
another’s data?
• How do you know which blocks are free?
File
Naming

Figure 4-1. Some typical file


extensions.
File
Structure

Figure 4-2. Three kinds of files. (a) Byte


sequence.
(b) Record sequence. (c) Tree.
File
Types

Figure 4-3. (a) An executable file. (b) An


archive.
File
Attributes

Figure 4-4a. Some possible file


attributes.
File
Operations
The most common system calls relating
to files:
• Creat • Append
e • Seek
• Delet • Get
e Attributes
• Open • Set
• Close Attributes
• Read • Rename
• Write
Example Program Using File System
Calls (1)

...
Figure 4-5. A simple program to copy
a file.
Example Program Using File System
Calls (2)

Figure 4-5. A simple program to copy


a file.
Hierarchical Directory
Systems (1)

Figure 4-6. A single-level directory system containing


four files.
Hierarchical Directory
Systems (2)

Figure 4-7. A hierarchical directory


system.
Path
Names

Figure 4-8. A UNIX directory


tree.
Directory
Operations
System calls for managing
directories:
• Create • Readdi
• Delete r
• Opendi • Renam
r e
• Closedi • Link
r • Uplink
File System
Layout

Figure 4-9. A possible file system


layout.
Journaling File
Systems
Operations required to remove a file in UNIX:

• Remove the file from its directory.


• Release the i-node to the pool of free i-nodes.
• Return all the disk blocks to the pool of free disk
blocks.
The MS-DOS File System
(1)

Figure 4-31. The MS-DOS directory


entry.
The MS-DOS File System
(2)

Figure 4-32. Maximum partition size for different block


sizes. The empty boxes represent forbidden
combinations.
The UNIX V7 File System
(1)

Figure 4-33. A UNIX V7 directory


entry.
The UNIX V7 File System
(2)

Figure 4-34. A UNIX i-


node.
The UNIX V7 File System
(3)

Figure 4-35. The steps in looking up


/usr/ast/mbox.
END

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