CONTENTS

• Roles and Boundaries

– Cloud Provider
– Cloud Consumer
– Cloud Service Owner
– Cloud Resource Administrator
– Additional Roles
– Organizational Boundary
– Trust Boundary
• Summary
• Acknowledgements
October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 1
Roles and Boundaries
Organizations and humans can assume different types of pre-defined roles depending on how they relate to and/or interact

with a cloud and its hosted IT resources.

The following are the roles in the cloud-based activity:

– Cloud Provider
– Cloud Consumer
– Cloud Service Owner
– Cloud Resource Administrator
– Additional Roles
– Organizational Boundary
– Trust Boundary

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 2

Cloud Provider
The organization that provides cloud-based IT resources is the Cloud
Provider.

• The cloud provider is responsible for making cloud services available to cloud
consumers, as per agreed upon SLA guarantees.

• The cloud provider is further tasked with any required management and
administrative duties to ensure the on-going operation of the overall cloud
infrastructure.

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 3

Cloud Consumer
A cloud consumer is an organization (or a human) that has a formal
contract or agreement with a cloud provider to use IT resources made
available by the cloud provider.

• Generally, the cloud consumer uses a cloud service consumer to access

a cloud service.

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 4

Cloud Provider and Cloud Consumer

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 5

Cloud Service Owner
The person or organization that legally owns a cloud service is called
a cloud service owner.

• The cloud service owner can be the cloud consumer, or the cloud
provider that owns the cloud within which the cloud service resides.

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 6

Cloud Service Owner

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Cloud Resource Administrator
A cloud resource administrator is the person or organization
responsible for administering a cloud-based IT resource (including
cloud services).

• The cloud resource administrator can be (or belong to) the cloud
consumer or cloud provider of the cloud within which the cloud service
resides.
• Alternatively, it can be (or belong to) a third party organization
contracted to administer the cloud-based IT resource.
October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 8
Cloud Resource Administrator

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 9

Cloud Resource Administrator

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Additional Roles
Cloud Auditor
A third-party that conducts independent assessments of cloud environments
is known as cloud auditor.
Cloud Broker
The party that is responsible for managing and negotiating the usage of
cloud services between cloud consumers and cloud providers is known as
cloud broker.
Cloud Carrier
The party that provides the wire-level connectivity between cloud consumers
and cloud providers is known as cloud carrier.
October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 11
Organizational Boundary
An organizational boundary represents the physical perimeter that
surrounds a set of IT resources that are owned and governed by an
organization.

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Organizational Boundary

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 13

Trust Boundary
A trust boundary is a logical perimeter that typically spans beyond
physical boundaries to represent the extent to which IT resources are
trusted.

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 14

Trust Boundary

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 15

Cloud Characteristics
An IT environment requires a specific set of characteristics to enable the remote
provisioning of scalable and measured IT resources in an effective manner.

The following are the common characteristics for majority of the cloud environments:
 On-demand Usage
 Ubiquitous Access
 Multitenancy (and Resource Pooling)
 Elasticity
 Measured Usage
 Resiliency

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 16

On-Demand Usage

A cloud consumer can unilaterally access cloud-based IT resources giving the

cloud consumer the freedom to self-provision these IT resources.

Once configured, usage of the self provisioned IT resources can be automated,

requiring no further human involvement by the cloud consumer or cloud provider.

This results in an “on-demand usage” environment. Also known as “on-demand

self-service usage”.

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Ubiquitous Access

“Ubiquitous access” represents the ability for the cloud service to be widely
accessible.

Establishing ubiquitous access for a cloud service can require support for a wide
range of devices, transport protocols, interfaces, and security technologies.

To enable this level of access generally requires that the cloud service architecture
be tailored to the particular needs of different cloud service consumers.

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 18

Multitenancy (and Resource Pooling)

The characteristic of a software program that enables an instance of the program to serve
different consumers (tenants) whereby each is isolated from the other, is referred to as
“Multitenancy”.

A cloud provider pools its IT resources to serve multiple cloud service consumers by using
multitenancy models that frequently rely on the use of virtualization technologies.

Through the use of multitenancy technology, IT resources can be dynamically assigned

and reassigned, according to cloud service consumer demands.

Each cloud consumer remains unaware that it may be used by others.

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 19
Example of Single Tenant Environment

Figure 1. In a single-tenant environment, each cloud consumer has a separate IT resource instance.

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Example of Multi Tenant Environment

Figure 2. In a multitenant environment, a single instance of an IT resource, such as a cloud storage device, serves multiple
consumers.

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Elasticity

“Elasticity” is the automated ability of a cloud to transparently scale IT resources,

as required in response to runtime conditions or as pre-determined by the cloud
consumer or cloud provider.

Elasticity is often considered a core justification for the adoption of cloud

computing.

It is closely associated with the reduced investment and proportional costs benefit.

Cloud providers with vast IT resources can offer the greatest range of elasticity.
October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 22
Measured Usage

The “measured usage” characteristic represents the ability of a cloud platform to

keep track of the usage of its IT resources, primarily by cloud consumers.

Based on what is measured, the cloud provider can charge a cloud consumer only
for the IT resources actually used and/or for the timeframe during which access to
the IT resources was granted.

Measured usage is not limited to tracking statistics for billing purposes, It also
useful for general monitoring of IT resources and related usage reporting.

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Resiliency

Within cloud computing, the characteristic of “resiliency” can refer to redundant

IT resources within the same cloud (but in different physical locations) or across
multiple clouds.

Cloud consumers can increase both the availability and reliability of their
applications by leveraging the resiliency of cloud-based IT resources.

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 24

Example of Resiliency

Figure 3. A resilient system in which Cloud B hosts a redundant implementation of Cloud Service A to
October 24, 2024 provide failover in case Cloud Service Department
A on Cloud A GIT
of CSE, becomes unavailable.
EID445, Cloud Computing 25
Cloud Delivery Models
• Contents

• Cloud Delivery Models

– Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
– Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
– Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

• Comparing Cloud Delivery Models

• Combining Cloud Delivery Models

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 26
Cloud Delivery Models

A cloud delivery model represents a specific, pre-packaged combination of IT

resources offered by a cloud provider.

The following are the common three cloud delivery models:

– Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
– Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
– Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 27

 Cloud Delivery Models (cont..)
Many specialized variations of the three base cloud
delivery models have emerged, each comprised of a
distinct combination of IT resources.

• Storage-as-a-Service
• Database-as-a-Service
• Security-as-a-Service
• Communication-as-a-Service
• Integration-as-a-Service
• Testing-as-a-Service
• Process-as-a-Service

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, CLOUD COMPUTING 28

Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)

The IaaS delivery model represents a self-contained IT environment comprised of

infrastructure-centric IT resources that can be accessed and managed via cloud
service-based interfaces and tools.

This environment can include hardware, network connectivity, operating systems,

and other raw IT resources.

The general purpose of an IaaS environment is to provide cloud consumers with high
level of control and responsibility over its configuration and utilization.

The IT resources provided by IaaS are generally not pre-configured.

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 29
Example of IaaS Delivery Model

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Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)

The PaaS delivery model represents a pre-defined “ready-to-use” environment

typically comprised of already deployed and configured IT resources.

Specifically, PaaS relies on the usage of ready-made environment that establishes a

set of pre-packaged products and tools used to support the entire delivery lifecycle of
custom applications.

Common Reasons:
Scalability and economic purposes
Ready-made environment
Cloud consumer wants to become cloud provider

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Example of PaaS Delivery Model

Note:
PaaS products are available with different development stacks.
Ex: Google App Engine offers Java and Python-based environment

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Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

A software program positioned as a shared cloud service and made available as a “product” or
generic utility represents the typical profile of a SaaS offering.

The SaaS delivery model is typically used to make a reusable cloud service widely available to
a range of cloud consumers.

An entire marketplace exists around SaaS products that can be leased and used for different
purposes and via different terms.

A cloud consumer is generally granted very limited administrative control over SaaS
implementation.

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Example of SaaS Delivery Model

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Comparing Cloud Delivery Models

Cloud Delivery Model Typical Level of control Typical Functionality made available to Cloud Consumer
granted to Cloud Consumer

Usage and usage-related

SaaS configuration Access to front-end user-interface

Moderate level of administrative control over IT resources

PaaS Limited administrative relevant to cloud consumer’s usage of platform

Full access to virtualized infra-structure-related IT

resources and possibly, to underlying physical IT
IaaS Full administrative resources.

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Comparing Cloud Delivery Models
Cloud Delivery Model Common Cloud Consumer Activities Common Cloud Provider Activities

Implements, manages and maintains cloud service.

SaaS Uses and configures cloud service Monitors usage by cloud consumers.

Pre-configures platform and provisions underlying

Develops, tests, deploys and manages infrastructure, middleware and other needed IT resources, as
PaaS cloud services and cloud-based solutions necessary.
Monitors usage by cloud consumers.

Sets up and configures bare infrastructure, Provisions and manages the physical processing, storage,
IaaS and installs, manages and monitors any networking and hosting required.
needed software. Monitors usage by cloud consumers.

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 COMBINING CLOUD DELIVERY MODELS

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 COMBINING CLOUD DELIVERY MODELS
The three base cloud delivery models comprise a natural provisioning
hierarchy, allowing for opportunities for the combined application of
the models to be explored.

The following are the combined delivery models:

– IaaS + PaaS
– IaaS + PaaS + SaaS

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 38

 COMBINING CLOUD DELIVERY MODELS
The three base cloud delivery models comprise a natural provisioning
hierarchy, allowing for opportunities for the combined application of
the models to be explored.

The following are the combined delivery models:

– IaaS + PaaS
– IaaS + PaaS + SaaS

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 39

 IaaS + PaaS

A PaaS environment will be built upon an underlying infrastructure

comparable to the physical and virtual servers and other IT resources
provided in an IaaS environment.

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 IaaS + PaaS

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 41

 EXAMPLE OF IaaS + PaaS FROM DIFFERENT
CLOUD PROVIDERS

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 42

 IaaS + PaaS + SaaS

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 43

 SUMMARY
• Common roles associated with cloud-based interaction and
relationships include the cloud provider, cloud consumer, cloud service
owner, and cloud resource administrator.
• An organizational boundary represents the physical scope of IT
resources owned and governed by an organization. A trust boundary is
the logical perimeter that encompasses the IT resources trusted by an
organization.

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 44

 CONTENTS
• Cloud Deployment Models
– Public cloud
– Community cloud
– Private cloud
– Hybrid cloud
• Other Cloud Deployment Models
• Summary
• Acknowledgements

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 45

Cloud Deployment Models

A cloud deployment model represents a specific type of cloud environment, primarily

distinguished by ownership, size and access.

The following are the four common cloud deployment models:

– Public cloud
– Community cloud
– Private cloud
– Hybrid cloud

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Public Clouds

A public cloud is a publicly accessible cloud environment owned by a third-party cloud

provider.

The IT resources on public clouds are usually provisioned by the cloud delivery models
and are generally offered to cloud consumers at a cost or are commercialized via other
avenues (such as advertisement).

The cloud provider is responsible for the creation and on-going maintenance of the
public cloud and its IT resources.

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Example Of Public Clouds

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Community Clouds
A community cloud is similar to public cloud except that its access is limited to a
specific community of cloud consumers.

The community cloud may be jointly owned by the community members or by a third-
party cloud provider that provisions a public cloud with limited access.

The member cloud consumers of the community typically share the responsibility for
defining and evolving the community cloud.

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Example Of Community Clouds

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Private Clouds
A private cloud is owned by a single organization.

Private clouds enable an organization to use cloud computing technology as a means of

centralizing access to IT resources by parts, locations or departments of the organization.

The actual administration of a private cloud environment may be carried out by internal
or outsourced staff.

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Example of Private Clouds

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 HYBRID CLOUDS

A hybrid cloud is a cloud environment comprised of two or more

different cloud deployment models.

Hybrid deployment architectures can be complex and challenging to

create and maintain due to the potential disparity in cloud
environments between the private and public cloud providers.

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 EXAMPLE OF HYBRID CLOUDS

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 54

Other Cloud Deployment Models

Virtual Private Cloud

This model results in a self-contained cloud environment hosted and
managed by a public cloud provider, and made available to a cloud
consumer. It is also known as “dedicated cloud” or “hosted cloud”.

Inter-Cloud
This model is based on an architecture comprised of two or more inter-
connected clouds.

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 SUMMARY
• A public cloud is owned by a third party and generally offers
commercialized cloud services and IT resources to cloud consumer
organizations.
• A private cloud is owned by an individual organization and resides
within the organization’s premises.
• A community cloud is normally limited for access by a group of cloud
consumers that may also share responsibility in its ownership.
• A hybrid cloud is a combination of two or more other cloud
deployment models.

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 56

 THANK YOU

October 24, 2024 Department of CSE, GIT EID445, Cloud Computing 57