Computer

Networks.
BY: MONA EL-HADDAR
LIMU
 .Objectives
1. Define & describe network topologies.
2. Talk about network types.
3. Identify different types of communication media.
4. Define Internet & Web technology.
5. Explain how to access the Internet.
6. Discuss different Web applications.
7. Define extranet, intranet & cloud computing.
 Define & describe Network
Topology.
Network Topology is the shape or structure of a network, including
the arrangement of the communication links and hardware devices
on the network.
 Bus Network: All network devices are connected to a common
backbone that serves as a shared communications medium.

 Star Network: All network devices connect to one another

through
a single central device called the hub node.

 Mesh Network: use multiple access points to link a series of

devices that speak to each other to form a network connection
across a large area.
 Talk about Network Types.

 Personal Area Network (PAN) : It is a wireless network that connects

information technology devices close to one person.

 Local Area Network (LAN) : A network that connects computer

systems and devices within a small area, such as an office, home, or
several floors in a building.

 Metropolitan Area Network: A telecommunications network that

connects users and their devices in a geographical area that spans a
campus or city.
 Wide Area Network: It is a network that connects large geographic
regions. A WAN might be privately owned or rented and includes public
(shared-users) networks.
 Identify Different Types of
Communication Media.
Transmission media can be divided into two broad categories guided
(also called wired) transmission media, in which communications
signals are guided along a solid medium, and wireless, in which the
communications signal is broadcast over airwaves as a form of
electromagnetic radiation.
 Guided Media (Wired)

 Twisted pair wire: twisted pairs of copper

wire, shielded or unshielded; used for
telephone service.
 Coaxial cable: Inner conductor wire
surrounded by insulation.
 Fiber-optic cable: Many extremely thin
strands of glass bound together in a
sheathing; uses light beams to transmit
signals.
Unguided Media (Wireless)

 Radio frequency: Operates in the 3 KHz–300 MHz range.

 Microwave—terrestrial and satellite frequency range:
High-frequency radio signal (300
MHz–300 GHz) sent through the atmosphere and space
(often involves communications satellites).
 Infrared frequency range: Signals in the 300 GHz–400 THz
frequency range.
 Bluetooth: is a wireless communications specification that
describes how cell phones,
computers, printers, and other electronic devices can be
interconnected over distances of 10 to 30 feet at a
transmission rate of about 2 Mbps.
 Define Internet & Web
technology.

Also called the Net, is a global computer
The Internet:
network made up of thousands of privately and
publicly owned computers and networks that grew and
interlinked, over time, into one giant network. In short,
the internet is a network of networks.

The Web Technology : It consists
of server and client software,
the hypertext transfer protocol (http), standards, and
markup languages that combine to deliver information
and services over the Internet.
Communication between computers using markup
language and multimedia packages.
 Explain How to Access the
Internet.
 This approach is used by businesses and
Connecting via a LAN Server :
organizations that manage a local area network (LAN). By
connecting a server on the LAN to the Internet using a router, all
users on the LAN are provided access to the Internet. Business LAN
servers are typically connected to the Internet at very fast data
rates, sometimes in the hundreds of Mbps.
 Connecting via Internet Service Providers : is any organization that
provides Internet access to people.
 is a for-profit firm that provides a
An Online Service Provider:
proprietary network and offers special services that are available
only to subscribers.
 can be a local or national company
A Wireless Internet Service Provider:
that provides wireless internet access to computers and other
mobile devices, such as notebooks and smart phones
 Discuss Different Web
Applications.

News:News Web sites from Google, Yahoo!, Digg, and Newsvine
provide popular or interesting stories from a variety of news
sources.

institutions and organizations at all levels
Education and Training:
provide online education and training, which can be accessed via
PCs, tablets, and smartphones. Kahn Academy, for example,
provides free online training and learning in economics, math,
banking and money, biology, chemistry, history, and many other
subjects.

The Web is also an excellent source of job-related
Job Information:
information. People looking for their first jobs or seeking
information about new opportunities can find a wealth of
information online.

A valuable tool that enables you to find
Search Engine:
information on the Web by specifying words that are key to
a topic of interest, known as keywords.

is online, real-time communication between
Instant messaging : It
two or more people who are connected via the Internet.
 typically called a blog, is a Web site that people and
A Web log :
businesses use to share their observations, experiences, and
opinions on a wide range of topics.

is an audio broadcast you can listen to over the
A podcast :
Internet. The name podcast originated from Apple’s iPod
combined with the word broadcast.
Define Extranet & Intranet &
Cloud Computing
 A network that enables
Intranet:
communication, collaboration, search
functions, and information sharing between
the members of an organization’s team using
a web browser.
 Extranet: A network based on web
technologies that allows selected outsiders,
such as business partners and customers, to
access authorized resources of a company’s
intranet.
 Cloud Computing:

refers to a computing environment in which software and storage

It
are provided as an Internet service and accessed by users with their
Web browser.
Cloud computing can be divided into three main types of services :

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) : is an information systems strategy in

which an organization outsources the equipment used to support its data
processing operations, including servers, storage devices, and networking
components.

Software as a service (SaaS) : is a software delivery approach that provides

users with access to software remotely as a Web-based service.

Platform as a service (PaaS) : provides users with a computing platform, typically

including operating system, programming language execution environment, database
services, and a Web server.
 Thank You!!
Reference: Principles of Information
Systems, Thirteenth Edition
Ralph M. Stair & George W. Reynolds.