•FLOORING

BY CHIDINMA J. OKONKWO
INTRODUCTION

• FLOOR:
• A Floor is the lower horizontal surface of any space in a building.

• FLOORING:
• This is the lower enclosing surface of spaces within building, it’s a
permanent covering laid over the floor.

• FLOORING SOLUTION:
• This generically describe any finish material applied over a floor structure
to provide a good movement surface.
TYPES OF FLOORING

• There are different kinds of floors, ranging from Concrete floors, Vinyl
floors, Terrazzo floors, tile floors, Marble floors, Wood floor, Mud floors.
Concrete floor Vinyl floor
 Wood floor Carpet floor Mud floor

Tile floor Epoxy floor Terrazzo floor

FACTORS FOR CHOICE OF FLOORING

• There is a wide range of flooring system, which is applicable in residential,

domestic, commercial and industrial area. The choice of the appropriate flooring
system is dependent on the following factors;

Durability

Smoothness

Appearance

Resistance to abrasion

Hardness
Cost of installation

Cleanliness

Damp resistance

Fire resistance

Thermal resistance

Sound resistance

Application area

Maintenance, Etc.
COSTAR FLOORING
• At Costarchem we have available different categories of flooring;
1. FLOORING SOLUTION
a. Epoxy flooring
b. Polyurea flooring
c. Polyurethane flooring
d. Cementitious flooring
2. FLOOR HARDENER
a. Powder floor hardener
b. Liquid floor hardener
3. CONCRETE SEALER
a. Water based
b. Resin based
 FLOORING SOLUTION
EPOXY FLOORING
Epoxy flooring is a type of synthetic resin floor system that is laid on
top of concrete substrates as a form of protection and decoration.
The system can comprise of several layers of thermosetting resin
that are coated, troweled or poured.
The different layers of the system include;
• Primer
• Mortar
• Self leveling resin
• Top coat
 EPOXY PRIMER

COSTARFLO 500

This is a two component solvent free epoxy primer with high mechanical

strength, which can be used on metallic and concrete surface.

Application process include:

Surface preparation, new concrete surfaces and cementitious plaster must be

cured for at least 28days, surface must be dry, free from loose particles,

contaminant, grease and oil. All cracks and damaged areas should be repaired.
EPOXY PRIMER

The two component of the primer, costaflo 500 is mixed together and
thoroughly stirred slowly to a homogeneous condition.
The consumption rate; is between 0.20 – 0.50/ Sqm. It can be applied by
the use of brush, roller, airless spray or conventional spray.
Package:
Part A: 18kg
Part B: 6kg
Benefit:
Costaflo 500 when applied provides resistance to corrosion, improve
adhesion, seals surfaces i.e reduces permeability of water, oil, etc.
 EPOXY MORTAR

COSTAFLO 600SC
Costaflo 600SC is a three component non shrink epoxy resin-based mortar
screed. Designed for thickness ranging from 2mm – 10mm and above. The
epoxy mortar is applied after the application of the epoxy primer.
Application process:
Prior to mixing, stir part A (resin) mechanically. Pour the colour pack into
the part A and stir for 15-30secs, add the part B (hardener) to the mixture
and stir for 30secs, gradually empty the part C (filler) to the mix, continue
mechanical mixing using a suitable mixing paddle fitted to a slow speed
forced action mixer for 2-3mins, until a uniform and homogeneous lump
free mixture is achieved.
 EPOXY MORTAR

The mixed Costarflo 600 EMS should be discharged on the floor when the primer is
tacky, a garden rake or the edge of a trowel is used to spread the mixed component
to achieve a uniform thickness.
To ensure complete compaction, a wooden float is used, and a stainless steel
trowel for fine finish.
Package: 23.5kg
Coverage: 1.9kg/Sqm at 1mm thickness. (2.5sqm per pack at 5mm thickness)
Benefit:
It possesses impressive mechanical resistance with high compressive and flexural
strength chemical resistance.
 EPOXY SELF LEVELING
COSTARFLO 600SL
Three component, solvent free epoxy resin based selfleveling floor toping
with high mechanical strength developed for use on metal and concrete
surfaces.
Application process:
Pour the part A (resin) into a container, add the part B (hardener) and mix
thoroughly with a paddle mixer, slow speed drill is recommended to
prevent the formation of air bubbles, then slowly add the part C (filler) and
mix thoroughly for few minutes to achieve homogeneous mix.
Costarflo 600 SL is applied by pouring the mixed component on to the
primed surface and spread with a steel notched trowel to achieve a 2mm to
4mm seamless topping. Once the material is evenly spread, continuous
spiking with a spiked roller is to be done to remove all entrapped air.
 EPOXY SELF LEVELING
Package:
Part A: 10kg Part B: 3kg Part C: 1.5kg
Consumption rate: 1.55kg/Sqm at 1mm thickness
(7.5sqm per pack at 2mm thickness)
Benefit:
Ensure a hard and durable surface
Does not contain pigment
Ensures safe use in places with poor ventilation
Deals surface preventing water, fuel and permeability
Seamless dust free and easy to clean.
 EPOXY TOP COAT
COSTAFLO 700
Costaflo 700 is a two component, solvent free epoxy top coat.
Application process:
The contents of the base should be stirred well before mixing with the hardener.
The two components is to be mixed with mechanical stirrer for about 3-5mins to
ensure homogenous mixing. After preparation, touch up areas with Costaflo 700
Package:
Part A: 18kg Part B: 6kg
Consumption; 0.20 -0.50kg/ Sqm.
Benefit:
It has a great appearance, dust, corrosion resistance, excellent resistance to
chemicals, acids and solvents, also it’s easy to clean.
WHERE TO APPLY EPOXY

• Epoxy can be applied in light to heavy duty area;

• Enclosed Car park area
• Hospitals
• Workshops
• Warehouses
• Factories
• Garages
• Assembly halls
• Pharmaceutical floors
• Loading ramps
• Living room, Etc.
BENEFIT OF EPOXY FLOORING

• Epoxy floors are resistant to a large number of chemicals such as solvents and
acids
• Resistance to abrasion
• Increase durability of the floor
• Decorative and appealing appearance
• Resistance to chemical, acid and solvent attack
• Dust proof
• Easy to clean and maintain
• Can withstand dynamic or static load, Etc.
EPOXY FLOORING LAYER
COMPARISON
PRODUCTS COSTARCHEM ARMORSIL SIKA FOSROC
Epoxy primer Costaflo 500 Armorflo 500HD Sikafloor 161 Nitoprime 25
Epoxy screed Costaflo 600SC Armorflo 600MS Sikafloor 190 Nitoflor TF 5000
Epoxy self leveling Costaflo 600SL Armorflo 600SL Sikafloor 263 Nitoflor SL 2050
Epoxy top coat Costaflo 700 - Sikafloor 264 Nitoflor FC 150
Target Audience:
• Architects
• Consultant
• Quantity
Surveyor
• Construction
company
• Project manager
• Industries
 POLYURETHANE FLOORING

Polyurethane flooring is a liquid resin for coating floor, highly flexible, abrasion
resistant floor coating.

CONFLOOR 5300
Confloor 5300 is a three component self leveling, VOC compliance polyurethane non-
slip flooring system.
It’s applied as a wet slurry mortar that is spread and then allowed to level to provide
a smooth flooring surface.
It comprises of the Base resin (part A), hardener (part B) and filler (part C).
Part A 1.1kg
Part B 0.692 kg
Part C 40 lb.
Consumption: 0.20-0.50 Kg/Sqm
 APPLICATION PROCESS

The polyurethane flooring, confloor 5300 application process

involves the steps below

Surface Preparation

Remove all contaminants and weak laitance on the concrete

substrate with appropriate degreasers and shot blasting for the
final profile or use other mechanical means, concrete must be
at least 14 days old.
APPLICATION PROCESS

Mixing

Pour part A and part B and begin to immediately add the part C mortar mix, mix for
two minutes.

Immediately, pour the mixed slurry onto the prepared substrate and spread with
the gage rake at desired thickness. Allow to set for 2 mins and back roll with a
porcupine roller to help release air bubbles. Broadcast your aggregate immediately,
broadcast to excess and allow to cure.
APPLICATION AREA

• It is suitable for flooring in breweries and wineries

• pharmaceutical Plants
• commercial Kitchens and Restaurants
• processing Areas and loading bays etc.
• All food & beverage industries
• Meat/poultry & dairy processing
• General warehouse & manufacturing facilities
• Automotive service bays
• Cold storage facilities
BENEFIT

• Resistant to extreme hot and cold changes in temperature

• Withstands severe heavy traffic
• Non slip when wet Can be broadcast Does not support
• bacterial growth Resistant to extremely high levels of relative humidity in
substrates
• Self-leveling
• water based and VOC compliant formulation
• Thermal shock resistant
• UV ray resistance
POLYURETHANE FLOORING LAYERS
COMPARISON
PRODUCTS COSTARCHEM ARMORSIL SIKA FOSROC
Polyurethane Confloor 5300 Armorcrete 2000 Sikaflor 324 Nitoflor RT 6000UT
Flooring Nitoflor SL 3000UT

Target Audience:
• Architects
• Consultant
• Quantity
Surveyor
• Construction
company
• Project manager
• Industries
 POLYUREA FLOORING
Polyurea flooring is a material that is a subset of polyurethane. It is a very durable material
that is used to coat and seal garage floor. Highly recommended where we have varying
temperature.

CONFLOOR 5200
This is a very fast curing, Polyurea, two-component, aromatic, flexible, pure polyurea system
coating derived from a reaction of an isocyanate prepolymer and an amine-terminated resin
blend.
This product is especially applied to surfaces to build up anti-static coatings to avoid risks of
ignition due to electrostatic charge
 APPLICATION PROCESS
• Step 1: Prepare the surface. Removing laitance, sealers, and
contaminants from the concrete surface is critical to the installation
success
• Step 2: Repair cracks and joints
• Step 3: Apply the primer
• Step 4: Roll the bed layer
• Step 5: Apply the top coat.

Package
Part A; 220kg
part B; 225kg
APPLICATION AREA

Polyurea flooring can be applied to areas where flammable liquids of

danger classes are stored
This product can be applied to materials like concrete, metal, wood,
ceramic, and PU foam.

BENEFITS
• Durability
• UV ray Resistance
• Easy application and fast curing
• For protecting and coating purposes
• Easy to clean and maintain
POLYUREA FLOORING LAYERS
EPOXY VS POLYURETHANE VS POLYUREA
FLOORING
 CEMENTITIOUS FLOORING
Cementitious flooring is a high performance floor coating composed of Portland
cement, water, aggregate, and other fine materials. It is one of the most common
types of flooring used both in residential as well as public buildings.
There are two category of the cementitious flooring;
Underlayment Cementitious flooring
• Costaflo 100
• Costaflo 200
Over-layment Cementitious flooring
• Costaflo 300
• Costaflo 400
UNDERLAYMENT CEMENTITOUS FLOORING

Products:
• Costaflo 100
• Costaflo 200
Cementitious self-leveling single component underlayment, suitable for use in light
to Medium-duty internal applications on new or existing substrates in order to
receive all kinds of flooring covering.
Package: 20kg bag
Coverage; 1.7/ sqm at 1mm thickness
APPLICATION

Application process: proper surface preparation, prime surface with costar

primer 10. Mix at ratio of 1:4 product to water (i.e 20kg bag to 5litres of clean
water). Pour the mixed material onto the prepared floor and allow to flow to
attain a smooth finish. Minimal work with a smoothing trowel is required.
Application area: Leveling before final floor finish of hospitals, hotel, theatre,
factories, etc.
Benefit:
• Excellent self-leveling and bonding properties
• Smooth surface finish
• Reduce shrinkage
• Good flexural and tensile strength.
Note: The different between costaflo 100 and costaflo 200 is, costaflo 200 is fast
setting cementitious flooring.
OVERLAYMENT CEMENTITIOUS FLOORING

Products:
• Costaflo 300
• Costaflo 400
• This is a heavy-duty single component cementitious self-leveling over-layment for
concrete floors. It creates an abrasion-resistant smooth surface finish, that can
also be used as a high-strength underlayment for coatings and floor coverings
Package: 20kg bag
Coverage; 1.7/ sqm at 1mm thickness
APPLICATION

Application process; Proper surface preparation, prime surface with costar

primer 10. Mix product of 20kg with 4.4litres of clean water and mix with a slow
speed drill (300-600rpm). Pour the mixed material onto the prepared floor and
allow to flow to attain a smooth finish. Minimal work with a smoothing trowel is
required.
Application area: Floor finish of garages, workshops, factories, warehouses, etc.
Also can be used as underlayment for heavy duty floors
Benefits:
• Excellent selfleveling properties
• High strength
• Smooth surface finish
• Good anti-static properties.
Note: Costaflo 400 is fast setting cementitious flooring.
COMPARISON

PRODUCTS COSTARCHEM ARMORSIL SIKA FOSROC

Underlayment Costaflo 100 Armorflo 200 Sikafloor 100 level Cemtop 250T
Underlayment (fast Costaflo 200 - Sikafloor 300 Rapid Cemtop 200
set) level
Overlayment Costaflo 300 Armorflo 300 - -
Overlayment (fast Costaflo 400 - - -
set)

Target Audience
• Consultants
• Project Manager
• Industries
• Construction
company
FLOOR HARDENERS

Floor hardener is a particle form composition made in size graded specifications to

be used by mixing with cement & grit/stone chips mixture to give extra hardness to
the concrete floor without affecting cement chemistry.
MONOLITHIC POWDER FLOOR HARDENER
• Costar Top 100
• Costar Top 200
LIQUID HARDENER & DUST PROOFER
• Costar Top 10
• Costar Top 20
M0NOLITHIC POWDER FLOOR HARDENER

CONSTAR TOP 100

Costar top 100 is a non metallic dry shake floor hardener applied to freshly poured
concrete.
COSTAR TOP 200
This is a hard-wearing, factory blended ready to use cementitious system with a
blend of 100 % pure emery -tuff and special fillers that hardens freshly poured
concrete.
Package: 20kg
Consumption: Costar Top 100 and 200 is applied at the rate of 5 kg/m2.
 APPLICATION
Application process: Surface preparation, the base concrete should have a minimum
cement content of 300 kg/m3. application should be made within 1hr 30mins, when
surface water on concrete is completely evaporated.
The application is done in two stage, the first 50% of the required material is
broadcast evenly and when the surface darkens with the absorption of water, the
surface is power floated.
The second application is made immediately, by evenly broadcasting the balance
50% material and when the surface has darkened with the absorption of water, the
surface is power floated.
Application area; Car park, Trucking lane, Factories, Loading bay, etc.
Benefit; provides hardwearing abrasion resistant surface, water, oil and other
contaminant resistance
LIQUID FLOOR HARDENER
COSTAR TOP 10

Costar Top 10 is a clear sodium silicate based solution which chemically reacts with soft free lime and calcium carbonate

compounds in concrete to densify and create chemically resistant surfaces.

COSTAR TOP 20

Costar Top 20 is a low VOC lithium silicate-based solution used to densify, harden, seal and protect fresh or hardened concrete.

Package: 20kg

Coverage: Approximately 7sqm/ liter

• +
APPLICATION

Application process; The liquid floor hardener can be applied to both new and old
concrete.
New Surface: Spray first coat uniformly after surface water glaze is gone at the rate of
7m2/L.
Apply second coat uniformly 4 hours later at the same rate in the opposite direction.
Squeegee or wipe up all puddling.
Old: Surface preparation, apply two or more uniform coats at the rate of 7 m2/L each
coat as needed. Allow a minimum of 4 hours between coats. Apply to oil-free and
thoroughly cleaned, sound concrete surfaces. Provide adequate ventilation in enclosed
areas to facilitate proper drying. Do not puddle.
Benefit: Low cost treatment, easy to use and fast drying, applied on both old and fresh
concrete, residue free surface allows bond of various paint.
COMPARISON
PRODUCTS COSTARCHEM ARMORSIL SIKA FOSROC
Powder flor Costar Top 100 ArmorTop HD200 Sika Chapdur (IN) Nitoflor HardTop
hardener (non- Standard
metallic)
Powder floor Costar Top 200 - Sikafloor -1 -
hardener (Emery-
tuff)
Liquid floor Costar Top 10 ArmorTop 300HD Sika cureHard -24 Nitoflor Lithurin M
hardener (sodium
silicate)
Liquid floor Costar Top 20 - - Nitoflor LH
hardener (lithium
silicate)
CONCRETE SEALER
Concrete sealer are rapid setting joint fillers and floor repair product for industrial
floors. Concrete sealers are applied to concrete to protect it from surfaces damage,
corrosion, and staining. They either block the pores in the concrete to reduce
absorption of water and salts or form an impermeable layer which prevents such
materials from passing.
Products:
Costar Concrete Sealer 10
This is a water based V.O.C. compliant concrete sealer that provides maximum
adhesion and protection on concrete surfaces, giving the treated surface a fresh
look.
Costar Concrete Sealer 20
This is a fortified concrete sealer with new, weather-resistant, heavy-duty resin
technology to provide maximum adhesion and protection on concrete surfaces,
giving the treated surface a fresh look.
APPLICATION

Application process: Surface preparation, apply costar concrete sealer with

roller, air- less spray equipment or manually with a brush. Product must be
applied in a uniform manner, leaving no puddles. To apply over newly placed
concrete or coatings wait for 24 – 48hrs.
Package: 20Litres gallon
Consumption: The exact coverage is dependent on the surface structure,
porosity and absorption of the concrete.
Benefit: UV ray resistant, can be applied to both old and fresh concrete,
COMPARISON
PRODUCTS COSTARCHEM ARMORSIL SIKA FOSROC
CONCRETE SEALER Concrete Sealer 10 ArmorSealer 50 Sikaflo Seal WB 25 Nitoflo FC 100
(Water based)
CONCRETE SEALER Concrete sealer 20 ArmorSealer 60 Nitoflo FC 110
(Resin based)

Target Audience
• Consultants
• Project Manager
• Industries
• Construction
company
• Distributors
SUMMARY
Flooring is the general term for a permanent covering of a floor, or for the
work of installing such a floor covering.
There are different types of flooring system, ranging from residential floor to
commercial or industrial floors which include mud floor, vinyl floor, wood floor,
tile floor, carpet floor, epoxy floor, ucrete floor, etc.
At Costarchem, we have available the following flooring
• Epoxy flooring; a type of synthetic resin floor system that is laid on top of concrete substrates as a form of

protection and decoration

• Polyurethane flooring; a liquid resin for coating floor, highly flexible, abrasion resistant floor coating.

• Polyurea flooring; is a material that is a subset of polyurethane. Derived from a reaction of an isocyanate

prepolymer and an amine-terminated resin blend.

• Cementitious flooring; is a high performance floor coating composed of Portland cement, water,

aggregate, and other fine materials.

COSTARCHEM!
…PERFORMANCE AS PROMISED