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1.CA Intro Class Lecture

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9 views23 pages

1.CA Intro Class Lecture

Uploaded by

Mohsin Islam Rifat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CSE 4293 – Computer

Architecture

Introductory Class
Instructor
Dr. Fakir Sharif Hossain
Associate professor
Dept. of EEE, AUST, Dhaka

B.Sc. In EEE, AUST


PGD in IT, DU
M.Sc. In Communication, BUET
PhD in EEE, NAIST, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
Service:
• Lecturer (Adjunct), Dept. of EEE, AUST, 2007-2008.
• Consultant Electrical Engineering, Hyundai Engineering (Korean
Company), Ashugonj Power Plant, Boirab, 2008-2011.
• Lecturer-Assistant Prof., Dept. of EEE, IIUC, Dhaka, 2009-2018.
• Associate Prof., Dept. of EEE, BAIUST, 2018-2021.
• Associate Prof., Dept. of EEE, AIUST, 2021-currently.
Rationale of the Course:
The Computer Architecture course aims to describe a broad range of architectural
designs and to contrast them, highlighting the design decisions they incorporate, and how
these design decisions impact program performance.

Course Objectives:

a. To understand the structure, function and characteristics of computer systems.

b. To understand the design of the various functional units and components of computers.

c. To explain the function of each element of a memory hierarchy

Course Contents:

Instructions and data access methods; Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) design: arithmetic and
logical operations, floating point operations; Process design: data paths single cycle and multi
cycle implementations; Control Unit Design: hardware and micro programmed Pipeline: pipeline
data path and control, hazards and exceptions; Memory Organization: cache, virtual memory,
buses, multiprocessor, type of microprocessor performance, single bus multiprocessors,
clusters.
Sl. COs Mapping of Course
POs(K CEP/ withBloom’s
Outcomes Assessment
Bloom’s Taxonomy and
No. ) EA(P/A) Taxonomy rubrics(Marks)
Programme Outcomes

1 Comprehend the working principles of 1(K4) P1,P2 C2(Understan Quiz-1(20)


computer system architecture including d)
ALU design, CPU design, and memory
subsystem design

2 Apply proven techniques to assess 2(K4) P1,P3 C3(Apply) Quiz-2 (20)Final-


different functional unit such as data- Q.3(11.5)
path, memory hierarchy and network
design for single/multi-core systems

3 Analyze appropriate Cache design for 5(K6) P1,P2,P3 C6(Create) Quiz-3(20)


higher performance in CPU
Mark Distribution Method Percentage
Class Attendance 7
Performance
Class Note taking 3
Quizzes CT-1, Topic: Control Unit design

1+Best 2 out
of 3 Quizes CT-2: Assignment, Topic: Pipeline 20

CT-3, Topic: Memory organization


CT-4, Topic: Sudden test/Assignment/quiz
Final Examination 70
Required
1. Digital-Computer-Electronics-Albert-Paul-Malvino-and-Jerald-A-Brown, 3rd edition
Recommended

2. Computer Organization and Architecture 10th - William Stallings, 11thed


3. Computer Architecture A Quantitative Approach (5th edition), by John L. Hennessy
(Author), David A. Patterson, 4thed
What is computer Architecture?
Von Neumann computer architecture is
Computer architecture is a set of
rules and methods that describe
the functionality, organization,
and implementation of computer
systems.

Figure: Block diagram of a basic


computer [Ref:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_architecture ]

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Von Neumann Computer Architecture

3 units:
1) Input unit
2) Central
Processing
Unit
3) Output unit

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Discussion of ROM, RAM

Read, Write process, Clock Speed


etc .

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Input devices Output devices CPU

Computer keyboard Computer monitor ALU


Digital camera Printer Memory Unit
Digital video PC speaker Control Unit
Graphics tablet Projector
Image scanner Sound card
Joystick Video
Microphone card
Mouse
Touchscreen
Light pen

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Stalling (page
5)

Computer
Top Level
Structure
(single core)

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Computer
■Central processing unit (CPU): Controls the operation of the
computer and performs its data processing functions (processor).

■Main memory: Stores data.

■I/O: Moves data between the computer and its external


environment.
■System Bus (System interconnection): Provides communication
among CPU, main memory, and I/O.

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain 7


CPU

■Control unit: Controls the operation of the CPU and


hence the computer.

■Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU): Performs the


computer’s data processing functions.

■Registers: Provides storage internal to the CPU.

■Internal Bus (CPU interconnection): Provides communication

among the control unit, ALU, and registers

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Stalling (page
7)

Simplified view
of Multicore
Computer

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


■Central processing unit (CPU): Controls the operation of the
computer and performs its data processing functions (processor).

■Core: An individual processing unit on a processor chip. A core


may be equivalent in functionality to a CPU on a single-CPU
system.

■Processor: The processor is the computer component that


interprets and executes instructions. If a processor contains
multiple cores, it is referred to as a multicore processor.

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain 1


Cache Memory (supplementary memory system)
Cache memory temporarily stores frequently used instructions and data
for quicker processing by the CPU of a computer

1) L1 cache: (100kb-4MB){small size, high speed} [ inside a single core]

2) L2 cache: (500kb-32MB) {Medium size, Medium speed} [ inside a single core]

3) L3 cache: (2MB-256MB) {large size, low speed} [ between two separated core]
Difference between cache memory and cache
file
Cache memory is a hardware component built into the
CPU, while cache files are temporary data storage areas
on a computer's hard drive or SSD.
CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain 11
computer Architecture
planning

Technology/ Goal Comput


Hardware s er
Logic Performanc Desktop
Gates e Reliability s
SRAM Cost Servers
DRAM Energy Mobile
Circuit Efficiency Phones
Techniques Time to Super
Packaging market Comput
Magnetic ers
Storage Flash
Memory

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Importance of
c omputer Architecting

All units of a computer must be designed


such a way that it can perform in
maximum efficiency

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Computer (History)

Analog (mechanical)

Electromechanical (Digital)

Modern (transistor, Integrated


circuit)

Cite: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Processor
(History)

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Processor
(History)

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Microprocessor chronology

cite: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microprocessor_chronol
ogy

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Assignment on Microprocessor
chronology

Compare AMD, Intel, IBM

Year: 1980-2020

Based on Transistor Count, Process Technology, Clock

Speed Submission Deadline: Self study

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain


Discussion

CSE-4293 Computer @ Hossain

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