Scribd
Upload
10 views

Lesson 8 Process of Evolution

Uploaded by

franciscomarkjustin03
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
10 views

Lesson 8 Process of Evolution

Uploaded by

franciscomarkjustin03
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 37

Earth and Life Science

Quarter 2
The Process of
Evolution
Lesson 8
The Process of
Evolution
Charles Darwin formulated the
theory of evolution by natural
selection in his book “On the Origin
of Species” in 1859.
The Process of
Evolution
According to Darwin, Theory of
Evolution refers to a change over
time and the process by which modern
organisms have descended from
ancient organisms.
The Process of
Evolution
The basis for the modern theory of
evolution was laid during 1700s and
1800s.
Charles
Darwin
Charles Darwin sets sail on
the H.M.S. Beagle, a
voyage that would provide
him with vast amounts of
evidence that led to his
theory of evolution.
Charles Darwin
Thought the idea of
descent modification.
(passing traits from parent to offspring)
Alfred
Wallace
Alfred Wallace writes Darwin,
speculating on evolution by
natural selection, based on his
studies of the distribution of
plants and animals.
Alfred Wallace
Realized that species evolved because
fittest individuals survived and
reproduced passing their
advantageous characters.
Jean-Baptiste
Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
The French naturalist Jean-Baptiste
Lamarck was among the first scientists to
recognize that living things have
changed over time and that all
species were descended from other
species.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Proposed the
Theory of Inheritance of
Acquired Traits and
Theory of Use and Disuse
Carolus
Linnaeus
Carolus Linnaeus
Other scientists who contributed to
evolutionary thought were Carolus
Linnaeus who formalized the binomial
nomenclature
Carolus Linnaeus
Father of Taxonomy
Thomas
Malthus
Thomas Malthus
Thomas Malthus who believed that
populations grow geometrically
while resources slowly decrease,
leading to competition
Mechanisms of Evolutionary
Changes
include
• genetic drift
• migration or gene flow
• mutation
• natural selection
• nonrandom mating
Genetic drift
Genetic drift is a change in the gene pool of
a population due to chance.
Genetic drift
Examples of genetic drift are :
• bottleneck effect
• founder effect
Bottleneck effect
takes place when population decreases
due to various environmental factors
such as fires, earthquakes, and floods.
Bottleneck effect
Founder effect
The founder effect happens when a small
population of organisms separates from
the larger group to invade a new area.
Founder effect
Gene flow
Gene flow is described as the movement
of genes from one population to another.
When this happens, there is a tendency to
increase the gene diversity in the
populations.
Gene flow
Mutation
Mutation occurs when there is a change
in the genetic makeup caused by
environmental stressors.
This process expands the diversity of
organisms.
Mutation
Natural selection
Natural selection explains the
difference in survival of an
individual and reproduction in
a particular environment.
Natural selection
Nonrandom mating
increases the frequency of animals
with desirable traits.
It causes evolution because it intrudes
the natural pool of gene variations.
Nonrandom mating
Lamarckian vs.
Darwinian Evolution
Lamarckian Evolution
According to Lamarck’s Theory of
Evolution, organisms change during
their lifetime to survive then pass
these changes to their offspring.
Lamarckian Evolution
Darwinian
Evolution
Darwin’s theory involves natural selection
and struggle for existence. When an
organism is fit and can adapt to its
environment, it has a better chance to
survive and more chance to reproduce.
Darwinian Evolution

You might also like