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    Range & Mad

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    knightmare dragneel
    Range

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    Range & Mad

    Uploaded by

    knightmare dragneel
    8 views24 pages
    Range

    Original Title

    RANGE & MAD

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Range

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    8 views24 pages

    Range & Mad

    Uploaded by

    knightmare dragneel
    Range

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    MEASURES

    OF
    DISPERSION
    BY : ENGR. JOEZEL PAUL C. DANTES
    MEASURES OF DISPERSION/VARIABILITY

    • Measures of dispersion or variation provides an idea of how


    observations are spread out or scattered throughout the
    data.
    • Dispersion refers to the variation of the items among
    themselves or around an average.
    • The greater the variation amongst different items of a
    series, the more will be the dispersion.
    • As per Bowley, “Dispersion is a measure of the
    variation of the items”.
    OBJECTIVES OF MEASURING DISPERSION

    • State the definition of dispersion or variability


    • Understand the different measures of dispersion
    • Distinguish the range of ungrouped data
    • Explain the mean absolute deviation of ungrouped and
    grouped data
    DIFFERENT MEASURES OF DISPERSION

    • Range
    • Mean Absolute Deviation
    • Variance
    • Standard Deviation
    RANGE (R)

    • It is the simplest measures of dispersion


    • It is defined as the difference between the largest and smallest values
    in the series
    • The range clearly gives us some idea about the degree of dispersion of
    the data

    R = Range, L = Largest Value, S = Smallest Value


    • The disadvantage of the range as a measure of dispersion is that when
    comparing two different data sets, we cannot conclude which one has a
    higher variation/spread by simply looking at the ranges of the
    respective data sets
    RANGE (R)

    • We need a relative measure of dispersion for comparing the


    “spread” of two different data sets. This relative measure of
    dispersion is precisely the coefficient of range. When
    comparing two data sets, the set whose value of the
    coefficient is closer to 1 is said to have a higher degree of
    variation.
    • The coefficient of range can be calculated using the
    formula:
    Coefficient of Range =
    RANGE (R)

    • Example: Compute the range and coefficient of range for the data sets
    of electric power consumption of two different barangay. Determine
    which of the two barangay has a greater degree of dispersion/spread.
    • Barangay Del Carmen: 20kW, 20kW, 20kW, 20kW, 20kW,
    30kW, 50kW, 60kW, 70kW, 70kW
    • Barangay Sta. Monica: 20kW, 30kW, 40kW, 50kW, 70kW,
    90kW, 110kW, 130kW, 150kW,
    180kW
    RANGE (R)

    • Solution:
    Barangay Del Carmen: LV = 70kW; SV = 20kW

    Range (DC)
    Coefficient of Range =
    Range (DC)
    Coefficient of Range =
    Range (DC)
    Coefficient of Range =

    Coefficient of Range = 0.5556


    RANGE (R)

    • Solution:
    Barangay Sta. Monica: LV = 180kW; SV = 20kW

    Range (SM)
    Coefficient of Range =
    Range (SM)
    Coefficient of Range =
    Range (SM)
    Coefficient of Range =

    Coefficient of Range = 0.8


    RANGE (R)

    • Since the value of the coefficient of range of Barangay Sta.


    Monica is closer to 1, we conclude that the second data set
    has a higher degree of dispersion compared to the
    Barangay Del Carmen.
    MEAN ABSOLUTE DEVIATION (MAD)

    • It is a measure of variability that indicates the average distance


    between observations and their mean.
    • It uses the original units of the data, which simplifies
    interpretation. Larger values signify that the data points spread
    out farther from the average. Conversely, lower values
    correspond to data points bunching closer to it.
    • It is also known as the mean deviation and average absolute
    deviation.
    MEAN ABSOLUTE DEVIATION (MAD) OF
    UNGROUPED DATA
    • The mean absolute deviation of ungrouped data measures
    the extent by which each individual value in a distribution
    deviates from the mean of that distribution.
    • As a measure of variability, it is considered important and
    appropriate because it takes into account all the individual
    values of the distribution.
    MEAN ABSOLUTE DEVIATION (MAD) OF
    UNGROUPED DATA
    • How to Find the Mean Absolute Deviation
    The process for finding the mean absolute deviation involves the
    following three steps.
    1.Calculate the sample average by summing all observations and
    dividing by the sample size.
    2.Find the absolute deviation of all data points from the mean.
    3.Calculate the average of the absolute deviations. Sum the values in
    step #2 and divide it by the sample size.
    MEAN ABSOLUTE DEVIATION (MAD) OF
    UNGROUPED DATA
    • The mean absolute deviation (MAD) can be calculated using the formula:

    MAD =
    Where:
    • x = the value of a data point
    • = sample mean
    • |x – | = absolute deviation
    • n = sample size
    EXAMPLE OF FINDING THE MEAN ABSOLUTE DEVIATION OF
    UNGROUPED DATA

    • In a survey, the number of people who pay their electric bill at PELCO II
    for every hour is as follows: 21, 16, 26, 19, 22, 20, 11, 25. From the given
    data, compute for the mean absolute deviation.

    Solution: The calculations involve applying the mean absolute deviation formula:
    1. Taking each observation.
    Determining the sample size: n =
    2. Subtracting the sample average.
    8
    3. Calculating the difference.
    4. Obtaining the absolute value. Determining the mean: =

    =
    = = 20
    EXAMPLE OF FINDING THE MEAN ABSOLUTE DEVIATION OF
    UNGROUPED DATA

    Data Point (x) Mean () Deviation (x – ) Absolute


    Deviation |x – |
    11 20 -9 9
    16 20 -4 4
    19 20 -1 1
    20 20 0 0
    21 20 1 1
    22 20 2 2
    25 20 5 5
    26 20 6 6
    Sum = 28
    Divide by 8 (MAD) =
    3.5
    MEAN ABSOLUTE DEVIATION (MAD) OF GROUPED DATA

    • When the data are presented in a frequency distribution, the mean


    absolute deviation is computed in the following manner:
    1. Compare the mean of the distribution.
    2. Find the deviation of each class mark from the mean.
    3. Multiply each absolute value deviation by the corresponding class
    frequency.
    4. Divide the sum of the products in step 3 by the total number of
    observation to get the mean absolute deviation of the grouped data.
    MEAN ABSOLUTE DEVIATION (MAD) OF GROUPED DATA

    • The mean absolute deviation (MAD) can be calculated using the formula:

    MAD =
    Where:
    • f = frequency
    • x = class mark
    • = sample mean
    • |x – | = absolute deviation
    • n = sample size
    EXAMPLE OF FINDING THE MEAN ABSOLUTE
    DEVIATION OF GROUPED DATA
    • Find the mean absolute deviation of the electric power consumptions of
    50 households, the frequency distribution of whose electric power
    consumptions is given below.
    Electric Power Frequency (f) Class mark (x)
    Consumptions
    153kW-155 kW 3 154
    156kW-158kW 10 157
    159kW-161kW 21 160
    162kW-164kW 12 163
    165kW-167kW 4 166
    n = 50
    EXAMPLE OF FINDING THE MEAN ABSOLUTE
    DEVIATION OF GROUPED DATA
    • Find the mean absolute deviation of the electric power consumptions of
    50 households, the frequency distribution of whose electric power
    consumptions
    Electric Power Frequen isClass
    given below. f (x) x–
    Consumptions cy (f) mark (x) Solving for
    mean: 154 – 160.24 = -
    153kW-155 kW 3 154 462 6.24
    156kW-158kW 10 157 1570 = 157 – 160.24 = -
    159kW-161kW 21 160 3360 3.24
    =
    162kW-164kW 12 163 1956 160 – 160.24 = -
    0.24
    165kW-167kW 4 166 664 = 160.24
    163 – 160.24 =
    n = 50 2.76
    166 – 160.24 =
    5.76
    EXAMPLE OF FINDING THE MEAN ABSOLUTE
    DEVIATION OF GROUPED DATA
    • Find the mean absolute deviation of the electric power consumptions of
    50 households, the frequency distribution of whose electric power
    consumptions
    Electric isFrequen
    given below.
    Class f (x) |x – | f |x – |
    Power cy (f) mark
    Consumptio (x)
    ns
    153kW-155 3 154 462 6.24 18.72
    kW
    156kW- 10 157 1570 3.24 32.4
    158kW
    159kW- 21 160 3360 0.24 5.04
    161kW
    162kW- 12 163 1956 2.76 33.12
    164kW
    165kW- 4 166 664 5.76 23.04
    EXAMPLE OF FINDING THE MEAN ABSOLUTE
    DEVIATION OF GROUPED DATA
    • The mean absolute deviation (MAD) can be calculated using the
    formula:

    MAD =
    MAD =
    MAD = 2.2464 kW
    THANK YOU FOR
    LISTENING 

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