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Classification of Signals

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7 views9 pages

Classification of Signals

Uploaded by

ranjani.k.iot
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SIGNALS AND

SYSTEMS

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS/23ECT201/ Dr. A. Vaniprabha / Introduction to Signals and Systems


• What are they?

– Signal

– System

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS/23ECT201/ Dr. A. Vaniprabha / Introduction to Signals and


Systems
 Signal: a function of one or more variables that
convey information on the nature of a physical
phenomenon.
Examples: v(t), i(t), x(t),heartbeat, blood pressure,
temperature, vibration.
• One-dimensional signals: function depends on a
single variable, e.g., speech signal
• Multi-dimensional signals: function depends on two
or more variables, e.g., image
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS/23ECT201/ Dr. A. Vaniprabha / Introduction to Signals and Systems
 System: an entity or operator that manipulates one or
more signals to accomplish a function, thereby yielding
new signals.

Input signal Output signal


System

Commonly encountered systems:


 Communications systems
 Automatic speaker recognition system
 Aircraft landing system
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS/23ECT201/ Dr. A. Vaniprabha / Introduction to Signals and Systems
Classification of signals

• 1. CT and DT signals:

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS/23ECT201/ Dr. A. Vaniprabha / Introduction to Signals and Systems


 For many cases, x[n] is obtained by sampling x(t) as:
 x[n] = x(nT) , n =0,+1,+2,…

Are there any requirements for the sampling?

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS/23ECT201/ Dr. A. Vaniprabha / Introduction to Signals and Systems


2. Even and odd signals:
 Even:

x(−t) = x(t)
x[−n] = x[n]
 Odd:

x(−t) = −x(t)
x[−n] = −x[n]

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS/23ECT201/ Dr. A. Vaniprabha / Introduction to Signals and Systems


 Any signal x(t) can be expressed as

x(t) = xe(t) + xo(t) )


x(−t) = xe(t) − xo(t)
 where

xe(t) = 1/2(x(t) + x(−t))


xo(t) = 1/2(x(t) − x(−t))

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS/23ECT201/ Dr. A. Vaniprabha / Introduction to Signals and Systems

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