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    Diabetes

    Uploaded by

    Tiffanny Diane Agbayani Ruedas

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Diabetes

    Uploaded by

    Tiffanny Diane Agbayani Ruedas
    2 views14 pages

    Original Title

    diabetes

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    2 views14 pages

    Diabetes

    Uploaded by

    Tiffanny Diane Agbayani Ruedas

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    DIABETES

    WHAT IS DIABETES?

    • Diabetes is a serious, chronic


    metabolic disease
    characterized by an increase
    in blood sugar levels
    associated with long term
    damage and failure or organ
    functions, especially the eyes,
    the kidneys, the nerves, the
    heart and blood vessels.
    WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF DIABETES?

    Type I- insulin dependent


    diabetes

    Type II - Non-insulin
    dependent diabetes
    HOW DOES ONE BECOME A DIABETIC?

    • Diabetes occurs when the pancreas


    does not adequately produce insulin.
    • It also happens when the body cannot
    properly use insulin.
    • Insulin is a hormone necessary for the
    proper utilization of sugar by
    muscles.
    • Fat and liver.
    WHAT ARE THE COMPLICATION OF DIABETES

    • Blindness
    • Kidney failure
    • Stroke
    • Heart attack
    • Wounds that would not heal
    • Impotence
    HOW WILL YOU KNOW
    IF YOU ARE A DIABETIC?
    1. If you urinate frequently.
    2. If experience excessive thirst.
    3. If you have unexplained weight loss.
    4. If your blood sugar level is higher than 200mg/dl.
    5. If you have fasting plasma glucose level of more than
    126mg/dl.

    What are the 3 P's of diabetes?


    • The main symptoms of diabetes are described as
    the three polys - polyuria, polydipsia, and
    polyphagia.
    WHAT CAN YOU DO
    TO CONTROL YOUR BLOOD SUGAR?

    1. Diet Therapy*
    Avoid simple sugars like cakes and chocolates.
    Instead have complex carbohydrate like rice, pasta,
    cereals and fresh fruits.
    * Do not skip or delay meals. It causes fluctuations in
    blood sugar levels.
    * Eat more fiber-rich foods like vegetables.
    * Cut down on salt.
    * Avoid alcohol. Dietary guidelines recommend no more
    than two drinks for men and no more than one drink per
    day for women.
    2. Regular Exercise
    - exercise is an important part of diabetes control.
    Daily exercise . . .
    * Improves cardiovascular fitness
    * Helps insulin to work better and lower blood sugar
    * Lowers blood pressure and cholesterol levels
    * Reduces body fat and controls body weight Exercise
    at least 3 time a week for ate least 30 minutes each
    session.
    Reminders:
    Always carry quick sugar sources like candy or soft
    drink to avoid hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) during and
    afterexercise.
    3. CONTROL YOUR WEIGHT

    If you are overweight or obese, start


    weight reduction by diet and exercise.
    This improves your cardiovascular risk
    profile.
    It lowers your blood sugar
    It improves your lipid profile
    It improves your blood pressure
    control
    4. QUIT SMOKING.
    • Smoking is harmful to your health.
    5. MAINTAIN A NORMAL BLOOD PRESSURE.

    • Since having hypertension puts a


    person at high risk of cardiovascular
    disease, especially if it is associated
    with diabetes, reliable BP monitoring
    and control is recommended. See
    your doctor for advice and
    management..
    IF THERE IS NO IMPROVEMENT IN BLOOD SUGAR WHAT
    ADVICE CAN I EXPECT MY DOCTOR TO GIVE?

    There are drug therapies using oral hypoglycemic


    agents.
    Your doctor can prescribe one or two agents,
    depending on which is appropriate for you.

    1. Sulfonylurea – Glibenclamide, Gliclazide,


    Glipizide, Glimepiride, Repaglinide
    2. Iguanid – Metformin
    3. Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors – Acarbose4.
    Thiazolidindione – Troglitazone, Rosiglitazone,
    Proglitazone.
    REMEMBER
    • If you have the classic symptoms of diabetes:
    * See your doctor for blood sugar testing
    * Start dieting eat plenty of vegetables avoid sweets such as
    chocolates and cakes cut down on fatty foods
    * Exercise regularly
    * If you are obese, try to lose some weight
    * Avoid alcohol drinking and stop smoking
    * If you are hypertensive, consult your doctor for advice and
    management

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