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Addition and Subtraction of Polynomials

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Ericko Alegria
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24 views23 pages

Addition and Subtraction of Polynomials

Uploaded by

Ericko Alegria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Addition and Subtraction

of Polynomials
Addition and Subtraction of Polynomials
To add polynomials, write the sum and
simplify by combining like terms.
To subtract an expression from another
expression, add its negative. That is,

a-b=a+(-b)
Example:
1. (3x+4)+(7x-8)=3x+4+7x-8 (add
the like terms)
=10x-4

2. (5x+4)-(7x+2)=5x+4-7x-2 (add the


like terms)
=-2x+2
Try This:
1. (9x-4)+(6x+10)

2. (4x+3)-(x-1)

3. (x2+1)+(x+2)

4. (2x2-3x-2)-(4x2+5x+3)
Solution:
1. (9x-4)+(6x+10)=9x-4+6x+10
=15x+6
2. (4x+3)-(x-1)=4x+3-x+1
=3x+4
3. (x2+1)+(x+2)=x2+1-x+2
=x2+x+3
4. (2x2-3x-2)-(4x2+5x+3)=2x2-3x-2-4x2-
5x-3
=-2x2-8x-5
Multiplication of
Polynomials
Laws of Exponents
Product Rule for
Examples
Exponents
1.) x∙x=x1+1=x2
a ∙a =a
m n m+n

2.) x7∙x4=x7+4=x11

3.) y6∙y-2=y6+(-2)=y4
to multiply powers
having the same
base, keep the base 4.) (x2y3)
and add the (x4y5)=x2+4∙y3+5
exponents. =x6y8
Laws of Exponents
Power Rule for
Examples
Exponents
1.) (x)3=x1(3)=x3
(a ) =a
m n mn

2.) (x7)4=x7(4)=x28

3.) (y6)-2=y6(-2)=y-12
To find the power of
a power of a base,
keep the base and 4.) (x-2)4=x-2(4)=x-8
multiply the
exponents.
Laws of Exponents
Power of Product Rule: Examples
1.) (3x)3=33x3=27x3
(ab) =a b
n n n

2.) (2x2)2=22x2(2)=4x4

To find the power of a 3.) (xy)-2=x-2y-2


product, find the
power of each factor
and then multiply the
4.)
resulting powers. (x3y2)4=x3(4)y2(4)=x12y
8
Multiplication of Polynomials
To multiply a Examples:
polynomial by a
monomial, multiply 3(x+1)=3(x)+3(1)
each term of the
polynomial by the
=3x+3
monomial

5x(x-4)=5x(x)+5x(-
4)
=5x2-20x
Try This:
1.) 2(3x+2)

2.) 3x(5x-1)

3.) x2(x+5)

4.) 5(x-√2)
Solution:
1.) 2(3x+2)=2(3x)+2(2)
=6x+4
2.) 3x(5x-1)=3x(5x)+3x(-1)
=-15x2-3x
3.) x2(x+5)=x2(x)+x2(5)
=x3+5x2
4.) 5(x-√2)=5(x)+5(-√2)
=5x-5√2
The FOIL Method
(First, Out, In, Last )

F L

F O I L
(a+b)(c+d)=ac+ad+bc+bd

I
O
Examples:

1.) (x+3)(x+5)=x2+5x+3x+15
=x2+8x+15

2.) (2x+1)(x-1)=2x2-2x+x-1
=2x2-x-1
Try This:
1.) (x+1)(x+2)

2.) (3x-1)(2x+2)

3.) (5x+2)(x-4)

4.) (x-6)(x-5)
Solution:
1.) (x+1)(x+2)=x2+2x+x+2
=x2+3x+2
2.) (3x-1)(2x+2)=6x2+6x-2x-2
=6x2+4x-2
3.) (5x+2)(x-4)=5x2-20x+2x-8
=5x2-18x-8
4.) (x-6)(x-5)=x2-5x-6x+30
=x2-11x+30
Special Products
 Square of a Binomial

(a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2
(a-b)2=a2-2ab+b2

 Product of Sum and Difference

(a+b)(a-b)=a2-b2
Examples:
Square of binomials: (a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2;(a-
b)2=a2-2ab+b2
1.) (2x+2)2=(2x)2+2(2x)(2)+(2)2
=4x2+8x+4
2.) (2x-2)2=(2x)2-2(2x)(2)+(2)2
=4x2-8x+4

Product of Sum and Difference: (a+b)(a-b)=a2-b2


1.) (2x+2)(2x-2)=(2x)2-(2)2
=4x2-4
Try This:
1.) (x+1)2

2.) (x-3)2

3.) (3x-2)(3x+2)

4.) (2x+1)(2x-1)
Solution:
1.) (x+1)2=(x)2+2(x)(1)+(1)2
=x2+2x+1
2.) (x-3)2=(x)2-2(x)(3)+(3)2
=x2-6x+9
3.) (3x-2)(3x+2)=(3x)2-(2)2
=9x2-4
4.) (2x+1)(2x-1)=(2x)2-(1)2
=4x2-1
Division of Monomials
*

Division of Monomials
For every positive Examples:
integer m and n, and 1.)
x≠0;

2.)

3.)
Seatwork: (1 whole yellow paper)
Multiply the following Multiply the following
using the FOIL using the special
method. products:
1.) (x+4)(x+2) 1.) (x+5)2
2.) (3x-1)(2x+1) 2.) (4x-3)2
3.) (x-0.5)2
3.) (x-2)(x-3)
4.) (2x+5)(2x-5)
4.) (6x+1)(3x-2)
5.) (x+√2)(x-√2)
5.) (x+1)(x2+1)

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