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Initial Steps Starting Programming

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4 views13 pages

Initial Steps Starting Programming

Uploaded by

ameena flefil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ICT Starters 4th Edition

Starting programming

You are going to develop programming skills by learning:


• what an algorithm is, how to make one and how to correct (debug) one
• how to move a Sprite in Scratch
• how to turn a Sprite in Scratch
• how to make the Sprite say messages in Scratch.

Key words Definitions


program the instructions that tell the computer what
code to do
Scratch is the command an order that has to be carried out by the A Sprite is a
name of the program character (also
computer known as an
program program a list of instructions that, when run, tell the object). You can
computer what to do
(software) you make a Sprite
will be using. instruction a command that needs an action from you move using
programming
ICT Starters 4th Edition
Before you start, you need to remember:

• that people and things can move in lots of different directions – up,
down, left and right
• angles that you have used before:
• 90 degrees (quarter turn)
• 180 degrees (half turn)
• 360 degrees (full turn).

You also need to know what a sequence is, and to have followed
sequences in order to carry out tasks.
ICT Starters 4th Edition
Skill 1: Being a robot
Key words You are going to pretend to be a robot!
• Computers run programs called • Stand up and face your desk.
software.
• Walk to the door (try to remember all
• The programs are made up of lots of the turns and steps you have to take).
instructions or commands that tell
• Go back to your desk and write down
the computer what to do.
the instructions to walk to the door.
• The instructions are written in program
• There is an example in the Skill 1 box
code.
in your Learner’s book.

Go to Activities 1.1 and 1.2.


ICT Starters 4th Edition
Skill 2: Moving a robot through a maze

• Pretend that you are a robot following instructions to get through a maze.
• Remember that a sequence is a set of steps or actions that happen in the order they
are written.
• Read through Skill 2, then do Activities 2.1 and 2.2.
• Ask someone to check these before moving on to Activity 2.3.
ICT Starters 4th Edition
Skill 3: Creating a flow chart

Key words Why do we use a flowchart?


Flowchart: a series of boxes A flowchart helps show you how to order a sequence
connected with arrows. of instructions.
Process: an action that • Begin with a start box to show where to start and an
performs a task or changes end box to show where to end.
something.
• There will be process boxes in between to tell you
Order: the way items are what to do (instructions).
arranged (what order they
are in).
ICT Starters 4th Edition
Skill 4: Working with angles

The amount you can turn is called an angle.

Turn Angle
Full turn 360 degrees
Half turn 180 degrees
Quarter turn 90 degrees

Complete Activities 4.1 to 4.3.


ICT Starters 4th Edition
Skill 5: Moving a Sprite forward

• You have successfully Using Scratch


written instructions to
• Open the Scratch program and look at the
move around in a maze.
diagram in the Skill 5 box.
• You can now write a
• Study your screen and the diagram to learn
computer program to do
where different things are.
the same thing using
Scratch. • Work through Activity 5.1 carefully.
• What is Scratch? • Ask if you are not sure.
• Finally, do Activity 5.2.
ICT Starters 4th Edition
Skill 6: Moving a Sprite in different directions

A sprite moves by using angles and turning


to the left or right by a number of degrees.
Angles
0
315 45
Look at the Skill 6 box.

270 90
Do Activities 6.1 to 6.4.

225 135
180
ICT Starters 4th Edition
Skill 7: Debugging

Do not worry if your program does not For the debugging Activities, you
work first time – they often don’t! will need to open a different file for
each Activity 7.1, 7.2 and 7.3.
Working out what went wrong + Carry on with those Activities now
fixing it and ask if you need help.
= debugging
ICT Starters 4th Edition
Scenario: Escape from the
castle

Activities 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Your friends, Alexis and Amirah,
are trapped in a castle and you • Think about the diagram at the top of the
are going to help them to Scenario box before you start.
escape!
• What do you need to do to get Alexis and
Amirah out?
• Read Activity 1 carefully, then start.
• Now do Activity 2.
• For Activity 3, you will need the file
castle1.sb2.
• For Activity 4, you will need the file
castle2.sb2.
• Also complete Activity 5.
ICT Starters 4th Edition

Challenge

Your challenge is to make your Sprite speak


and think!

Complete Activities 1 and 2.


ICT Starters 4th Edition
Final project: Clip Clop the horse

You are going to be Clip Clop is visiting the zoo and wants to see all
working with Clip Clop of the animals.
the horse.
• He starts in the white box.
• He can only see the animals when he is
touching the red circles.
• Clip Clop wants to see the tigers first.
• Complete Activities 1, 2, 3 and 4.
• You will need the file zoo.sb2.
ICT Starters 4th Edition

Reflection

Read through the Reflection then answer questions 1, 2 and 3.


As usual, think calmly about the questions before filling in your
thoughts. Well done!

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