Stages of Group Development
Stages of Group Development
Stages of Group Development
ADJOURNING
Return to independence
STORMING
Dependence/interdependence
FORMING
Independence
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1. FORMING
The forming of the team takes place. The members of the team get to know one another, exchange some personal information, and make new friends The individual's behaviour is driven by a desire to be accepted by the others, and avoid controversy or conflict. Mutual trust is low. Serious issues and feelings are avoided, and people focus on being busy with routines, such as team organization, who does what, when to meet, etc. Individuals are also gathering information and impressions - about each other, and about the scope of the task and how to approach it. The team meets and learns about the opportunities and challenges, and then agrees on goals and begins to tackle the tasks. Team members tend to behave quite independently Team members are usually on their best behaviour but very focused on themselves.
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2.STORMING
Time of testing Different ideas compete for consideration. The team addresses issues such as what problems they are really supposed to solve, how they will function independently and together and what leadership model they will accept. Team members open up to each other and confront each other's ideas and perspectives. The maturity of some team members usually determines whether the team will ever move out of this stage. The storming stage is necessary to the growth of the team. Without tolerance and patience the team will fail. Supervisors of the team during this phase may be more accessible, but tend to remain directive in their guidance of decision-making and professional behaviour.
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3.NORMING
The team manages to have one goal and come to a mutual plan for the team at this stage. Some may have to give up their own ideas and agree with others in order to make the team function. All team members take the responsibility and have the ambition to work for the success of the team's goals. Question about authority and power are resolved through unemotional, matter-of-fact group discussion. A feeling of team spirit is experienced because members believe they have found their proper roles.
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4.PERFORMING
Contributors get their work done without hampering others. There is a climate of open communication, strong cooperation, and lots of helping behaviour. Everyone knows each other well enough to be able to work together, and trusts each other enough to allow independent activity. Conflicts and job boundary disputes are handled constructively and efficiently. Cohesiveness and personal commitment to group goals help the group achieve more than could any one individual acting alone. The team members are now competent, autonomous and able to handle the decision-making process without supervision. Supervisors of the team during this phase are almost always participative.
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4.ADJOURNING
This is about completion and disengagement, both from the tasks and the group members. Individuals will be proud of having achieved much and glad to have been part of such an enjoyable group. Parties, awards ceremonies, graduations, or mock funeral can provide the needed punctuation at the end of a significant group project. Leaders need to emphasize valuable lessons learned in group dynamics to prepare everyone for future group and team efforts.
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