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Java Script
Overview of Java Script
• JavaScript (js) is a light-weight object-oriented programming language which is used by several websites for scripting the webpages. • It is an interpreted, full-fledged programming language that enables dynamic interactivity on websites when applied to an HTML document. • It was introduced in the year 1995 for adding programs to the webpages in the Netscape Navigator browser. • Since then, it has been adopted by all other graphical web browsers. With JavaScript, users can build modern web applications to interact directly without reloading the page every time. • The traditional website uses js to provide several forms of interactivity and simplicity. Continued...
• Although, JavaScript has no connectivity with Java
programming language. • The name was suggested and provided in the times when Java was gaining popularity in the market. • In addition to web browsers, databases such as CouchDB and MongoDB uses JavaScript as their scripting and query language. JavaScript Example • Javascript example is easy to code. • JavaScript provides 3 places to put the JavaScript code: 1. Between the body tag of html 2. Between the head tag of html 3. In .js file (external javaScript) Let’s create first JavaScript example <script type="text/javascript"> document.write("JavaScript is a simple language for javatpoint learners"); </script> • The script tag specifies that we are using JavaScript. • The text/javascript is the content type that provides information to the browser about the data. • The document.write() function is used to display dynamic content through JavaScript. 1)Example : code between the body tag
• In the above example, we have displayed the
dynamic content using JavaScript. • Let’s see the simple example of JavaScript that displays alert dialog box. <script type="text/javascript"> alert("Hello Javatpoint"); </script> 2) Example : code between the head tag • Let’s see the same example of displaying alert dialog box of JavaScript that is contained inside the head tag. • In this example, we are creating a function msg(). • To create function in JavaScript, you need to write function with function_name as given below. • To call function, you need to work on event. Here we are using onclick event to call msg() function. Continued... <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript"> function msg() { alert("Hello Javatpoint"); } </script> </head> <body> <p>Welcome to JavaScript</p> <form> <input type="button" value="click" onclick="msg()"/> </form> </body> </html> External JavaScript file
• We can create external JavaScript file and embed it in
many html page. • It provides code re usability because single JavaScript file can be used in several html pages. • An external JavaScript file must be saved by .js extension. • It is recommended to embed all JavaScript files into a single file. It increases the speed of the webpage. • Let's create an external JavaScript file that prints Hello Javatpoint in a alert dialog box. Continued... message.js function msg(){ alert("Hello Javatpoint"); }
Let's include the JavaScript file into html page.
It calls the JavaScript function on button click. Example // index.html <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript" src="message.js"></script> </head> <body> <p>Welcome to JavaScript</p> <form> <input type="button" value="click" onclick="msg()"/> </form> </body> </html> Javascript Data Types • JavaScript provides different data types to hold different types of values. • There are two types of data types in JavaScript. 1. Primitive data type 2. Non-primitive (reference) data type Continued... • JavaScript is a dynamic type language, means you don't need to specify type of the variable because it is dynamically used by JavaScript engine. • You need to use var here to specify the data type. • It can hold any type of values such as numbers, strings etc. • For example: var a=40;//holding number var b="Nakul";//holding string JavaScript primitive data types • String : represents sequence of characters e.g. "hello" • Number : represents numeric values e.g. 100 • Boolean : represents boolean value either false or true • Undefined : represents undefined value • Null : represents null i.e. no value at all JavaScript non-primitive data types • The non-primitive data types are as follows: • Object: represents instance through which we can access members • Array : represents group of similar values • RegExp : represents regular expression JavaScript Operators • JavaScript operators are symbols that are used to perform operations on operands. • For example: var sum=10+20; • Here, + is the arithmetic operator and = is the assignment operator. • Types of operators in JavaScript. 1. Arithmetic Operators 2. Comparison (Relational) Operators 3. Bitwise Operators 4. Logical Operators 5. Assignment Operators 6. Special Operators
JavaScript Fundamentals: JavaScript Syntax, What JavaScript is Use for in Website Development, JavaScript Variable, Strings, Popup Boxes, JavaScript Objects, Function, and Event Handlers
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