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Neuromorphic Computing

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654 views9 pages

Neuromorphic Computing

Uploaded by

hrithikanair2003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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NEUROMORPHIC

COMPUTING
BY: HRITHIKA
+Definition: Neuromorphic
computing refers to the design of
hardware and software systems
that are inspired by the structure

Introduction to and function of the human brain.


+Importance: Emphasizes the
Neuromorphic potential to revolutionize
computing by improving
Computing efficiency, speed, and
adaptability.
+Applications: Include artificial
intelligence, robotics, pattern
recognition, and beyond.
Historical Background

01 02 03
Origin of the Early Evolution: How the
Concept: Introduced Developments: field has evolved from
in the late 1980s by Mention early simple circuits to
Carver Mead, aiming neuromorphic chips complex, large-scale
to create silicon-based and research, such as systems.
systems that mimic the development of
neural architectures. the first analog VLSI
(Very-Large-Scale
Integration) circuits.
Brain-Inspired Architecture:
Explanation of how neuromorphic
hardware replicates the brain's structure,
including neurons, synapses, and
networks.
Key Components:
Neuromorphic + Neurons: Basic computational units
that mimic biological neurons.
Hardware + Synapses: Connections between
neurons that store and transmit
information.
Examples of Neuromorphic Chips:
+ IBM TrueNorth: A chip with 1 million
neurons and 256 million synapses.
+ Intel Loihi: A research chip that mimics
the brain's learning and adaptation
processes.
Neuromorphic
Algorithms
Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs):
Description of SNNs, where neurons
communicate via spikes, similar to how the
brain processes information.
Learning Mechanisms:
+ Hebbian Learning: "Cells that fire together
wire together.“
+ STDP (Spike-Timing-Dependent
Plasticity): A learning rule that strengthens
or weakens connections based on the timing
of spikes.
Advantages Over Traditional Neural
Networks: Efficiency in power consumption,
speed, and real-time processing.
Comparison with Conventional
Computing
Traditional Von Neumann Architecture Neuromorphic Computing Architecture
The Von Neumann architecture is the foundational Neuromorphic computing takes inspiration from the structure
design for most traditional computers, including CPUs and
and function of the human brain, which is highly parallel,
GPUs. Named after the mathematician John von Neumann,
distributed, and event-driven.
this architecture separates the processing unit (CPU) from
memory, which stores both instructions and data. Unlike the Von Neumann architecture, neuromorphic systems
integrate processing and memory in a way that mimics neurons
Sequential Processing: Instructions are processed one
and synapses in the brain.
after the other in a sequential manner.
Parallel Processing: Neuromorphic systems can process many
Memory Bottleneck: Data and instructions must be
tasks simultaneously, much like the human brain can handle
transferred back and forth between the memory and CPU,
leading to a bottleneck that slows down processing speed, multiple stimuli at once. For example, while driving, the brain
especially for large datasets. processes visual, auditory, and spatial information simultaneously.

Energy Consumption: The constant movement of data Event-Driven Operation: Neuromorphic systems process
between the CPU and memory consumes significant energy. information only when an event occurs (such as a neuron firing),
making them more efficient by not wasting resources on
Latency: The time delay caused by the need to fetch and
unnecessary calculations.
decode instructions before execution.
Adaptive Learning: Neuromorphic systems can adapt and learn
Inflexibility: The architecture is not well-suited for tasks
from new data, similar to how the brain forms new synaptic
that require parallel processing, such as real-time sensory
data processing. connections in response to learning.
Current Applications and Case
Studies

ROBOTICS: USE OF NEUROMORPHIC CHIPS AI AND MACHINE LEARNING: HEALTHCARE: APPLICATIONS IN BRAIN-
IN ROBOTS FOR REAL-TIME DECISION-MAKING NEUROMORPHIC SYSTEMS IN AI FOR TASKS COMPUTER INTERFACES, PROSTHETICS, AND
AND ADAPTATION. LIKE SPEECH RECOGNITION, IMAGE NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER TREATMENT.
PROCESSING, AND ANOMALY DETECTION.
Technical Challenges:
Scalability: Difficulty in scaling
neuromorphic systems to match the brain's
complexity.
Programming Paradigms: Need for new
Challenges and programming languages and tools that can
efficiently leverage neuromorphic hardware.

Future Interdisciplinary Research: Requires


collaboration across fields like neuroscience,

Directions computer science, and electrical engineering.


Future Prospects:
Integration with AI: Potential for
neuromorphic computing to complement and
enhance AI systems.
Human-Machine Interfaces: Development
of advanced interfaces for seamless
interaction between humans and machines
THANK YOU

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