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01 Types of Software and Interrupts

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40 views30 pages

01 Types of Software and Interrupts

Uploaded by

Dylen Wolff
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Software

Types of Software
What is
Software?
Compone
nts of a
computer
system
Hardware
Liveware
Compone
nts of a
computer
system
Hardware
Liveware
Compone
nts of a
computer Software
system
Hardware
Liveware

Software

Hardware
Liveware

Software

Hardware
Types Software

of
Softwar System
Applicatio
n
e Software
Software

Operatin Device Utility


g System Drivers Software
Application Software

System software
Device
drivers and
Utility
Software

Operating system

Hardware
System
Software
• System software is necessary for
the hardware to work properly.
• Includes operating systems,
device drivers, and utility
programs.
• Allows users to interact with the
computer.
• Provides a stable environment
for running applications and
performing tasks on a computer.
Operating
System
Operating systems (OS) are essential software installed
Operating on computer systems to enable functionality and user
communication. They provide an environment for running
System – OS applications and a user-friendly interface, while also
simplifying the complexity of software and hardware.
Features of
an
Operating
System
Features of an Operating
System
• Human Computer Interface (HCI) / User
Interface (UI)
• Providing a platform for running software
• Security
• Interrupt handling
• User account management
• Multi-tasking
• Resource management
• Hardware / Device management
• Process Management
• Memory Management
• File management
• Application management
HCI refers to the mode of interaction between
Human Computer humans and computers. It primarily exists in two
forms:
Interface - HCI • Command Line Interface (CLI)
• Graphical User Interface (GUI).
A Graphical User Interface (GUI) is a mode of interaction
between users and computers that employs visual
Graphical User elements such as icons, windows, menus, and buttons.
Unlike Command Line Interface (CLI), GUIs provide a more
Interface – GUI intuitive and user-friendly experience by representing
system functions and operations through graphical
representations.
CLI requires users to type commands for system interaction,
offering direct communication with the computer. It involves
Command Line memorizing specific commands for tasks like file
management and system configuration. While CLI demands
Interface – CLI technical knowledge, it provides flexibility and control,
making it favoured by programmers, analysts, and
technicians.
GUI Vs. CLI

Aspect GUI CLI


Visual elements (icons, Text-based interface (typing
Interaction Method
menus, windows) commands)

Representation of Typed commands with specific


Visual cues and icons
Commands syntax

Learning Curve Generally lower Steeper


Limited control and More flexibility and direct
Flexibility and Control
customization control
Resource Usage More system resources Fewer system resources

Audience and Use Wide range of users; everyday Technical users; precise control
Cases tasks and automation
Interru
pts
Interrupts
• Interrupts are signals sent to the microprocessor from
devices or software, causing it to temporarily halt its
current task to service the interrupt.
• They can be triggered by timing signals, input/output
processes (like a printer needing more data), hardware
faults, user interactions (such as pressing keys on a
keyboard), or software errors.
• Once received, the microprocessor either continues its
task or stops to handle the interrupt, identifying its type
and priority level.
• Interrupts allow computers to handle multiple tasks
simultaneously by quickly switching between them.
They're essential for tasks like downloading files while
playing music, facilitated by temporary data storage areas
called buffers.
• When an interrupt occurs, the current task's status is
saved, the interrupt service routine is executed, and then
the interrupted task's status is restored.
Device Drivers
Device drivers
• Device drivers are software that allows
hardware devices (like printers, memory
sticks, mice, and CD drives) to communicate
with the computer's operating system.
• Without drivers, hardware won't work. When
a device is connected, the operating system
searches for the right driver. If not found, an
error occurs.
• Each hardware device requires its own
specific driver.
• Drivers act as intermediaries, enabling the
operating system to control and use the
connected hardware efficiently.
Utility Software
Utility Software
• Utility software refers to programs that
help manage, maintain, and optimize
computer systems, enhancing their
performance and security.

• While users may not directly interact with


utility software, having it installed
provides indirect benefits like improved
system stability, faster performance, and
better protection against malware and
data loss
Examples of
Utility
Software
• Antivirus software: Protects against
viruses, malware, and other online threats.
• Disk cleanup and optimization tools:
Remove unnecessary files and optimize
disk performance.
• Disk contents analysis and repair
tools: Identify and fix issues with disk
drives and file systems.
• File compression and file management
software: Compresses files to save space
and organizes file storage.
• Backup software: Automatically backs up
important files and data for safekeeping.
Examples of
Utility
Software
• Security utilities: Protect against
unauthorized access and secure sensitive
information.
• System monitoring utilities: Monitor
system performance and resource usage.
• Uninstaller programs: Remove
unwanted programs and files from the
system.
• Data recovery tools: Restore lost or
deleted files from storage devices.
• Screensavers: Display animated images
or patterns to prevent screen damage
and provide privacy when configured to
lock the screen.
Application
Software
• Application software is the type of software that users
directly interact with to perform specific tasks or functions
Application on a computer or a smartphone. It's what enables you to
do things like write documents, edit photos, browse the
Software internet, play games, or manage your finances. In
essence, it's the software that you use to get your work
done or entertain yourself.
Any questions?

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