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OOD Presentation

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Ansh Balgotra
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27 views13 pages

OOD Presentation

Uploaded by

Ansh Balgotra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object-Oriented Design in

Software Engineering
An Overview of Principles and
Concepts
Your Name
Date
Introduction to Object-Oriented
Design

• • Definition: Object-Oriented Design (OOD) is


a method of design encompassing the process
of planning a system of interacting objects for
solving a software problem.
• • Key Components:
• - Objects
- Classes
- Methods
- Attributes
Principles of Object-Oriented
Design

• • Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods


within a single unit (class).
• • Abstraction: Hiding complex realities and
showing essential features.
• • Inheritance: Mechanism where one class
acquires properties from another class.
• • Polymorphism: Presenting the same
interface for different underlying forms (data
types).
Key Concepts in OOD

• • Class: A blueprint for creating objects.


• • Object: An instance of a class.
• • Attributes and Methods: Properties and
behaviors of objects.
• • Message Passing: Communication between
objects via methods.
Class Diagrams

• • Definition: Visual representation of the


classes and their relationships.
• • Components:
- Classes
- Attributes
- Methods
- Relationships
• • Example: Simple UML Class Diagram.
Relationships in OOD

• • Association: Defines a relationship between


two classes.
• • Aggregation: A 'whole-part' relationship
where the part can exist independently.
• • Composition: Stronger form of aggregation
where the part cannot exist independently.
• • Inheritance: Child classes inheriting
properties from parent classes.
Benefits of Object-Oriented Design

• • Modularity: Code is more organized and


easier to maintain.
• • Reusability: Code can be reused through
inheritance and polymorphism.
• • Scalability: Easy to scale as objects can be
reused and extended.
• • Maintainability: Easier to debug and update
due to modular structure.
Design Patterns in OOD

• • Definition: Reusable solutions to common


problems in software design.
• • Types:
- Creational Patterns: e.g., Singleton,
Factory.
• • Structural Patterns: e.g., Adapter, Decorator.
• • Behavioral Patterns: e.g., Observer, Strategy.
UML Diagrams in OOD

• • Class Diagram: Describes the structure of a


system by showing the system's classes.
• • Sequence Diagram: Shows how objects
interact in a particular scenario.
• • Use Case Diagram: Describes the functional
requirements of the system.
• • Activity Diagram: Represents workflows and
processes in the system.
Object-Oriented Design Process

• • Step 1: Identify the system's objects.


• • Step 2: Define the relationships between
objects.
• • Step 3: Design class diagrams.
• • Step 4: Implement methods and attributes.
• • Step 5: Test the system using OOD principles.
Challenges in Object-Oriented
Design

• • Complexity: Designing a system with a large


number of interacting objects.
• • Overhead: Can be resource-intensive if not
designed efficiently.
• • Learning Curve: Understanding design
patterns can be difficult for beginners.
Conclusion

• • Summary: Object-Oriented Design is


essential in creating scalable, maintainable,
and reusable software.
• • Future Trends: Increasing relevance in
modern software architectures like
microservices and cloud computing.
• • Final Thoughts: Mastering OOD is key to
becoming an efficient software engineer.
References

• • Books: 'Design Patterns: Elements of


Reusable Object-Oriented Software' by Erich
Gamma, et al.
• • Online Resources: Articles, Tutorials, and
Documentation.

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