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Methods To Estimate h2

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38 views19 pages

Methods To Estimate h2

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Uploaded by

Muhammad Mahmood
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© © All Rights Reserved
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ANIMAL GENETICS & BREEDING

UNIT – II
Principles of Animal & Population Genetics
Lecture – 10

Methods to Estimate Heritability

Dr K G Mandal
Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding
Bihar Veterinary College, Patna
Bihar Animal Sciences University, Patna
Methods to Estimate Heritability

(A)Regression Method
(i) Regression of offspring on one
parent
(ii) Regression of offspring on mid-
Parent
(iii) Intra-sire regression of daughter
on dam
(B) Correlation Method
(i) Half-sib correlation
(ii) Full-sib correlation
Regression Method

I. Regression of offspring on
parent:
Data structure:
i) Required pair no. of
observations.
ii) Data required on one parent or
mean of both the parents (mid-
parents) and mean of their offspring.
Sl. Dam’ s LMY (kg) Av. LMY of
No. (X) daughters (kg)
(Y)
1. 2000 2200
2. 1800 1900
3. 2200 2500
4. 2300 2400
5. 2500 2800
• Body weight (kg) of Black Bengal
goats at 12 months of age:

Sl. No. Sire Dam Mid- Progeny


parent (X) av. (Y)
1. 15 13 14 15
2. 14 12 13 14
3. 13 11 12 13
4. 12 12 12 13
5. 14 12 13 15
• Estimation of h2 through regression
of offspring on parents:

Relatives Degree of Heritability (h2)


resemblance
Offspring & one Cov OP / б2P bop = ½h2
parent or, h2 =
2bop
Offspring & mid- CovOP/б2P bop = h2
parent
bOP = CovOP / VP
Regression of offspring on one parent:
bOP = ½VA /VP = ½h2 i.e., h2 = 2bOP
Regression of offspring on mid-parent:
bOP = ½VA /½VP = h2 i.e., h2 = bOP

byx = CovXY / VX
byx = [∑xy - ∑x∑y/N] / [∑x2 - (∑x)2 /N]
• Conclusion:
• Regression of offspring on one parent
is better than regression of offspring
on mid-parent.

• Why? Then what is the solution?


• As for example, h2 in male –
regression of sons on fathers &
regression of daughters on fathers.
Regression of daughters on fathers is
to be adjusted.
b’ = b(6Pm/6Pf)
h2 in case of female,
Regression of sons on mothers is to
be adjusted.
b’ = b(6P f/6P m)
Correlation method
• Correlation between Half-sibs:
• Data structure on LMY (kg) of half-
sibs

Sire S1 S2 S3
Dam D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9
Daughter d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6 d7 d8 d9
LMY(kg) 2000 2200 2300 2300 2500 2800 2500 2700 2800
• Skeleton of ANOVA for HS
analysis:
Source of d.f. Means Composition
variation Squares of
Mean
Square
Between s-1 MS S 62w + k62S
sire
within s(k – 1) MSw 62W
progeny or
s = number of sires
error
k = number of progeny per sire
• MSS – MSW = 62w + k62S – 62W
= k62S
• 62S = 1/k(MSS – MSW)
• V P = 62T = 62S + 62W
• 62s = ¼VA
• t = ¼VA / VP or, 4xt = h2
• t = 62S / (62S + 62W)
• h2 = 4x 62S / (62S + 62W)
Correlation method
• Correlation between Full-sibs:
• Data structure of half-sib & full-sib family

No. of Sire S1 S2 S3
No. of D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9
Dam / sire
No. of k k k k k k k k k
daughters /
dam
• Skeleton of ANOVA for HS & FS Family:
Source of d.f. Sum of Means Compositi
variation Square Squar on of MS
s es
Between s-1 SSS MS S 62w + k62D +
sire dk62S
Between s(d – 1) SSD MSD 62w + k62D
dams
within
sires
within sd(k – 1) SSW MSw 62W
sprogeny
= number of sires
d = number of dams per sire
k = number of progeny per dam
• MSW = 62w
• MSD – MSW = [62w + k62D] - 62w
= k62D
• 62 D = 1/k(MSD – MSW)
• MSS – MSD = [62w + k62D + dk62S] – [62w +
k62D]
= dk62S
• 62S = 1/dk(MSS – MSD)
Thus,
62w = MSW
62 D = 1/k(MSD – MSW)
62S = 1/dk(MSS – MSD)

• 62s = ¼VA or, = 462S = VA


• 62D = ¼VA + ¼VD + VEC
• 62W = ½VA + ¾VD
• VP = 62T = 62S + 62D + 62W
• t = 62S / (62S + 62W)

• h2S = 4x 62S / (62S + 62D+ 62W)

• h2D = 4x 62D / (62S + 62D+ 62W)

• h2S + D = 2 (62S + 62D)/ (62S + 62D+ 62W)


• Conclusion:
• Estimation of h2 through regression
of offspring on one parent is superior
over regression of offspring on mid-
parent.
• Half-sib correlation method is
superior over Full-sib correlation.
THANK YOU

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