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Timestamp Based Protocol in DBMS

DBMS

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42 views

Timestamp Based Protocol in DBMS

DBMS

Uploaded by

vignangudla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Timestamp Based Protocol In DBMS

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Introduction to Timestamp based protocol in
DBMS
Timestamp based protocol is a
concurrency control technique used in
database management systems.

It ensures serializability by assigning


unique timestamps to transactions.

Transactions are ordered based on


their timestamps to ensure that
conflicting operations do not occur
simultaneously.

1
How Timestamp based protocol works

Each transaction is assigned a unique


timestamp when it enters the system.

The timestamp can be based on


various factors such as transaction
arrival time or priority.

Transactions are executed based on


their timestamps, with older
transactions being executed first.

2
Timestamp ordering and conflict resolution

In timestamp ordering, a transaction


with a lower timestamp is executed
before a transaction with a higher
timestamp.

If conflicting operations occur, the


timestamp protocol uses conflict
resolution techniques to ensure
serializability.

Common conflict resolution


techniques include waiting, aborting,
or rolling back transactions.

3
Read and write operations in Timestamp
based protocol
Read operations in timestamp-based
protocol require a transaction to have
a read timestamp earlier than the
write timestamp of the data item
being read.

Write operations require a transaction


to have a write timestamp later than
the read and write timestamps of the
data item being written.

This ensures that read and write


operations occur in a consistent order.

4
Timestamp-based protocol and concurrency
control
Timestamp-based protocol allows for
high concurrency in database
systems.

It allows multiple transactions to


execute concurrently as long as they
do not conflict.

By using timestamps, the protocol can


efficiently determine the execution
order of transactions.

5
Timestamp-based protocol and deadlock
avoidance
Deadlock is a situation where two or
more transactions are waiting
indefinitely for each other to release
resources.

Timestamp-based protocol helps avoid


deadlock by using timestamps to
order transactions and resolve
conflicts.

By preventing conflicting operations


from occurring simultaneously, the
protocol reduces the chances of
deadlock.
6
Advantages of Timestamp-based protocol

Provides high concurrency and allows


for efficient execution of transactions.

Ensures serializability by maintaining


a strict order based on timestamps.

Helps avoid deadlocks and improves


overall system performance.

7
Limitations of Timestamp-based protocol

Timestamp-based protocol requires a


reliable clock to assign timestamps
accurately.

In case of clock synchronization


issues, the protocol may face
challenges in maintaining the correct
order of transactions.

The protocol may lead to unnecessary


aborts or rollbacks if timestamps are
not assigned appropriately.

8
Real-world applications of Timestamp-based
protocol
Timestamp-based protocol is
commonly used in banking systems to
ensure transaction consistency.

It is used in e-commerce platforms to


manage concurrent transactions and
maintain data integrity.

Timestamp-based protocol is also


used in airline reservation systems to
handle concurrent bookings.

9
Conclusion

Timestamp-based protocol is an
effective concurrency control
technique used in DBMS.

It ensures serializability by assigning


unique timestamps to transactions
and ordering them accordingly.

The protocol allows for high


concurrency, helps avoid deadlocks,
and improves overall system
performance in various real-world
applications.

10

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