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(Lecture - 13) Database Managment Systems... Brief Introduction

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2 views

(Lecture - 13) Database Managment Systems... Brief Introduction

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N. W. Flannel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
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You are on page 1/ 14

Database

Fundamentals
Database Management System (DBMS)
• DBMS contains information about a particular enterprise
• Collection of interrelated data
• Set of programs to access the data
• An environment that is both convenient and efficient to use
• Database Applications:
• Banking: transactions
• Airlines: reservations, schedules
• Universities: registration, grades
• Sales: customers, products, purchases
• Online retailers: order tracking, customized recommendations
• Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders, supply chain
• Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax deductions
• Databases can be very large.
• Databases touch all aspects of our lives
University Database Example
• Application program examples
• Add new students, instructors, and courses
• Register students for courses, and generate
class rosters
• Assign grades to students, compute grade point
averages (GPA) and generate transcripts
• In the early days, database applications
were built directly on top of file systems
Table
• “A table is the primary unit of physical storage for data in a
database.”1

• Usually a database contains more than one table.

1) Stephens, R.K. and Plew. R.R., 2001. Database Design. SAMS, Indianapolis , IN.
Table
A Database with Multiple Tables

[1]
Publishers Books Customers

Authors Inventory Orders

1) Stephens, R.K. and Plew. R.R., 2001. Database Design. SAMS, Indianapolis , IN. (with slight changes by V.G.D.)
Table
Customers
Field (Column)
Customers

a field
Record (Row)
Customers

a record
Primary Key
Customers

primary key field

Primary key is a unique identifier of records in a table.

Primary key values may be generated manually or automatically.


Relationship Types
• One-to-one

• One-to-many

• Many-to-many
Data Types
• Alphanumeric (Text, Memo)
• Numeric (Number, Currency, etc.)
• Date/Time
• Boolean (Yes/No)
Database Environments
• Mainframe

• Client/Server

• Internet-based

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