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The Sun Lesson

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Luz Marie Asuncion
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18 views

The Sun Lesson

Uploaded by

Luz Marie Asuncion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Our Nearest Star:

The Sun

Students will be able to identify


key characteristics of the Sun.

Students will be able to explain


the Sun's role in our solar system.

Students will be able to describe


how the Sun produces energy.
Our Sun: The Center
of Our Solar System
● The Sun is a star, a hot ball of
glowing gases.
● It's the center of our solar system.
● Provides light and heat,
supporting life on Earth.
● The Sun's surface temperature is
about 9941°F (5505°C).
● It's mostly made up of hydrogen
and helium.
Layers of the Sun
● The Core: The center of the Sun, extremely
hot and dense.
● The Radiative Zone: Energy moves slowly
outward.
● The Convective Zone: Energy transported by
the movement of gases.
● The Photosphere: The visible surface of the
Sun.
● The Chromosphere: A thin layer of hot gases.
● The Corona: The outermost layer, extending
millions of miles into space.
The Sun's Core

● The core's temperature is about 27 million


degrees Fahrenheit (15 million degrees
Celsius).
● The core's pressure is about 340 billion
times Earth's air pressure at sea level.
● The core is where nuclear fusion happens.
● Nuclear fusion is the process that powers
the Sun.
The Radiative Zone

● Dense region of the sun.


● Energy travels outward as
electromagnetic radiation.
● Photons collide with particles,
taking about 170,000 years to
travel through.
● Temperatures range from 7
million to 2 million degrees
Celsius.
The Sun's Convective
Zone

● Outer layer of the sun's interior.


● Energy is transferred by the
movement of gases.
● Hot plasma rises to the surface,
cools, and sinks.
● This process creates convection
currents.
● It takes about a month for energy
to travel through this layer.
The Photosphere

● The innermost layer of the Sun's


atmosphere.
● Visible surface of the Sun.
● Temperature is about 10,000°
Fahrenheit (5,500° Celsius).
● Sunspots and solar flares originate
in this layer.
The Chromosphere

● Middle layer of the sun's atmosphere


● Reddish color due to the presence of
hydrogen
● Temperature range: 6,000°C to
50,000°C
● Spicules: Jets of hot gas shooting up
from the surface
● Prominences: Large loops of plasma
extending outward
The Sun's Corona

● Outermost layer of the sun's


atmosphere.
● Extends millions of miles into
space.
● Temperature: up to 2 million
degrees Celsius.
● Visible during a solar eclipse.
● Source of solar wind.
Sunspots

● Areas of strong magnetic activity


on the photosphere.
● Appear darker due to lower
temperature than surroundings.
● Can last from days to weeks.
● Vary in size, with some as large
as Earth.
● Often occur in groups.
Solar Winds
01 Streams of 03 Travel through
plasma from the the solar system
corona. at speeds of
250-750 km/s.

02 Solar wind 04 Can cause


interacts with auroras and
planetary disrupt
magnetospheres. communication
systems.
Solar Flares

● Sudden bursts of energy from


the sun's surface
● Release radiation across the
electromagnetic spectrum
● Can disrupt communication
systems and power grids
● Caused by the sudden release
of magnetic energy stored in the
sun's atmosphere
● Often associated with sunspots,
which are areas of strong
magnetic activity
The Sun's Life Cycle

● Sun will eventually run out of hydrogen


fuel.
● Core will contract and heat up.
● Outer layers will expand, becoming a red
giant.
● Red giant will engulf Mercury, Venus,
and possibly Earth.
● Core will eventually become a white
dwarf.
● Outer layers will be expelled as a
planetary nebula.
Let's Discuss Our Nearest Star

● What are the main layers of the


Sun and their characteristics?
● How does the Sun produce energy,
and what are the key processes
involved?
● What phenomena occur on the
Sun's surface, and how do they
impact Earth?

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