Plastic 23.8.2024 Rev2

PLASTIC - PLASTIC WASTE
www.trungtamtinhoc.edu.vn
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Contents
I. INTRODUCTION TO PLASTICS AND PLASTIC

WASTE
II. IMPACT OF PLASTIC WASTE
III. SOLUTIONS TO PLASTIC POLLUTION
CONCLUSION
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I. INTRODUCTION TO PLASTICS
AND PLASTIC WASTE
1.1 What are Plastics and Where do they come
from?
Plastic is a material consisting of a

wide range of synthetic or semi-
synthetic organic compounds that are
malleable and, therefore, can be
molded into solid objects.
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Composition of Plastics
PLASTICS are high molecular weight organic
polymers composed of various elements such as
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and
chlorine
PLASTICS are made from natural

materials through a polymerisation or
polycondensation process such as
- cellulose,
- coal,
- natural gas,
- salt and crude oil
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1.2 Classification of Plastics
There are many ways of classifying plastics.

They can be classified considering various aspects,
as according to their:
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The properties of PLASTIC, depending on the addition
additives such as: Anti-static agents Oxidizer; Stabilizer;
Softener; Flame Retardant; Color….
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Advantage Characteristics of Plastics
● Lightweight: Easy to transport.

● Durable: Resistant to corrosion and chemicals.
● Versatile: Moldable into various shapes.
● Insulating: Great thermal and electrical insulation.
● Cost-Effective: Low production costs.
● Waterproof: Ideal for wet environments.
● Recyclable: Many types can be recycled.
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Common Types of Plastics in
Manufacturing
1.3 Application of plastics and Demand for plastics in life
Global plastic demand is forecast to increase by

4.1% by 2030
and continue to increase by a further 2.4%
between 2030 and 2050
https://thundersaidenergy.com/downloads/global-plastics-an-overview/
Global plastic production is estimated to reach

470 million tons in 2022, increasing to 1,000
10
million tons in 2050
II. IMPACT OF PLASTIC WASTE
PLASTIC WASTE describes plastic objects which have not been
recycled or disposed of properly, or have been illegally dumped
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Global plastic waste
generation
According to the OECD's Global
Plastics Outlook report, the global
production of plastic waste is
more than 380 million tons,
Plastic waste is expected to
nearly triple worldwide by 2060,
with half of all waste expected to
be in landfill while less than one-
fifth of it is recycled https://www.voronoiapp.com/other/The-World-Is-Flooded-With-Plastic-Waste-1479
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https://theroundup.org/plastic-waste-statistics/
Plastic waste generation in
Vietnam
According to statistics from the Ministry of
Natural Resources and Environment, discharging
about 3.1 million tonnes of plastic waste every
year, including 0.28-0.73 million tonnes of
plastic waste discharged into the ocean.
Methods of plastic waste treatment in Vietnam

90% of plastic waste is treated by landfill
and incineration
10% is recycled.
Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City release about 80
tons of plastic and non-biodegradable nylon
bags into the environment every day.
What is plastic
pollution?
Plastic pollution is caused by the
accumulation of plastic waste in the
environment
- Comes mainly from household waste,

which is poorly recycled, dumped in
landfills or abandoned in nature.
- 80% of marine litter comes from
land.
CAUSES OF
PLASTIC POLLUTION - Negligence is the main cause.
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Plastic pollution effects
This pollution can have harmful effects on the land and
rivers by affecting wildlife and habitat, but also on
ON THE human health. ON ANIMALS ON HUMANS
ENVIRONMENT
Exposure to toxic chemicals
- Imprison of animals in nets or large debris coming out of plastic can
- Concerns the entire food chain and the cause cancers, birth defects,
marine ecosystem impaired immunity and other
health problems
Plastic waste represents a chemical pollution

- Can be chemically transferred to organisms
during ingestion
- Can accumulate in the body
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III. SOLUTIONS TO PLASTIC POLLUTION
The best way to address plastic pollution is to
change our mindsets and habits with this
controversial but nonetheless very useful material
REDUC REUSE RECYCLE
E
Not using plastic when Plastic items can be reused or includes the process of
there is a better alternative used for different purposes collecting, sorting and
to it and only using plastic recycling into new products,
when strictly necessary to reduce the amount of
plastic in the waste stream.
EDUCATE
In order to increase awareness

and change behavior
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 Some specific solutions
 Use materials to replace  Using Biotechnology
plastic plastics
• Silicone food covers and lids. ...

• Paper or metal straws. ...
• Paper bags. ... Using genetic engineering technology on certain
• Bamboo toothbrushes. ... plants can create natural fibers that can be used
• Glass soap and detergent bottles. as alternatives to plastic.
Make products have biodegradable properties.
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 Limit the use of  Use tap water instead of
disposable plastic buying plastic bottled
products water
 Avoid products containing

microplastics
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 Using hidden coding technology - Digital watermark
These watermarks will carry information about the type of plastic

Special scanning equipment is used to accurately and automatically
classify different types of plastics.
 Use grid systems, similar to oil spill response

systems, to collect plastic in estuaries
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 Plastic waste recycling solutions
 Recycle plastic waste into oil
products
https://chemicalengineeringworld.com/plastic-to-fuel-pyrolysis-process/
Using Pyrolysis method, it is the thermal decomposition of materials at elevated

temperatures in an inert atmosphere.
Final products from the process will be mainly fuel oil, carbon black, and syngas
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 Recycle plastic waste into construction
materials
The Road Made Entirely of Recycled Plastic
Workers lay down asphalt

infused with plastic waste
on a roadway
Bricks Are Made of Recycled
Plastic
This House was Built in 5 Days

Using Recycled Plastic Bricks 21
Some Benefits of Plastic Waste Recycling
 Allow to reduce amount of plastic waste disposed into environment
 Reducing of energy consumption and the need for raw materials in the production
of new plastic products
 Reducing waste management costs and prevent the saturation of landfill sites
 Enhancing diversity in the plastic industry and fostering innovation
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CONCLUSION
⮚ Plastic waste pollution negatively impacts soil,

rivers, wildlife, habitats, and human health.
⮚ Tackling plastic pollution requires changing our
mindsets and habits through recycling, reducing
plastic use, and educating others.
⮚ Using modern, efficient and environmentally
friendly recycling technology
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References
1. https://theroundup.org/plastic-waste-statistics/
2. https://nhuasaigon.com.vn/cong-nghe-tai-che-rac-thai-nhua/
3. https://sunwellvina.com/10-mo-hinh-tai-che-rac-thai-nhua-thanh-cong-tren-the-gioi.htm
4. https://urenco.com.vn/vi/service/cong-nghe-tai-che/
5. https://chemicalengineeringworld.com/plastic-to-fuel-pyrolysis-process/
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THANKS FOR LISTENING!
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PLASTIC - PLASTIC WASTE

I. INTRODUCTION TO PLASTICS AND PLASTIC

II. IMPACT OF PLASTIC WASTE

III. SOLUTIONS TO PLASTIC POLLUTION

Plastic is a material consisting of a

PLASTICS are made from natural

There are many ways of classifying plastics.

● Lightweight: Easy to transport.

Global plastic demand is forecast to increase by

Global plastic production is estimated to reach

Methods of plastic waste treatment in Vietnam

- Comes mainly from household waste,

Plastic waste represents a chemical pollution

In order to increase awareness

• Silicone food covers and lids. ...

 Avoid products containing

These watermarks will carry information about the type of plastic

 Use grid systems, similar to oil spill response

Using Pyrolysis method, it is the thermal decomposition of materials at elevated

Workers lay down asphalt

This House was Built in 5 Days

 Allow to reduce amount of plastic waste disposed into environment

 Enhancing diversity in the plastic industry and fostering innovation

⮚ Plastic waste pollution negatively impacts soil,

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