Food Security

FOOD
SECURITY
F O D
A C E S
S E C U R I T Y
U T I L I Z E
AV A I L A B L E
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1.explain food security as a way to
eradicate poverty and hunger.
2.Categorize the issues and challenges of
food security and their solution; and
3.Synthesize the concept of food security as
part of sustainable development.
Food is vital resource for humans, regardless of race, nationality, religious
affiliation, economic status, or educational attainment. It is a basic for
nations to secure a necessity for survival.
Food security, defined as the "physical and economic access, at all times,
to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food for people to meet their dietary
needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life" (Swaminathan,
2003).
Food security challenges countries with large populations such as China
and India. With the growing and persistent demand for food on both the
local and international scale, the agricultural sector and food corporations
in a nation must be able to meet demands by increasing production
capacity and overall productivity.
Rationing of food, especially in developing or underdeveloped countries, is

also a solution to address food security issues, although this solution can
lead to even more problems. It may ultimately worsen food security as in
the experience of India with its targeted Public Distribution System (PDS) in
the 1990s (Swaminathan, 2003).
FOUR PILLARS OF FOOD SECURITY
AVAILABILITY STABILITY ACCESS UTILIZATION

is determined by is the consistency concerns about is commonly
and reliability of incomes, understood as the
level of food
expenditure markets way the body
production, stock food supply.
and prices in makes the most of
levels and net achieving food various nutrients in
trades. security objectives. the food.
International trade is viewed as a solution to
potentially dampen the blows on food security in
nations. While relatively poor countries can benefit
from international trade by receiving subsidies
from rich countries, the latter will be pressured to
increase food production capabilities. Rich
countries may also struggle with handling food
security issues at the domestic and the foreign
level (Kannan, Mahendra Dev, & Narain Sharma,
2000).
Economic and agricultural reforms have been successful in
addressing food security issues, as seen in China, a highly
populated country. In 1978, China implemented these reforms
to reduce undernutrition by 70 million people. This led to
increased grain production and household income, creating a
self-sufficient domestic environment.
One of the contributing factors that further cripples and
weakens food security both on a domestic and International
level is armed conflict. In countries like Israel, Turkey, and
Syria, internal strife has led to debilitating food production
and supplies. Armed groups have targeted legitimate
government targets to prevent, seize, or destroy food aid,
forcing farmers to leave their lands and halting production.
These circumstances also impact neighboring countries due
to international trade.
Conversely, hunger also leads to conflict and, as
mentioned, leads to an increased shortage in food. Food
shortage is not only limited to rural areas but is also an
issue plaguing urban sectors especially in countries with
internal conflicts. Lack of food was one of the factors that
ignited the French Revolution of 1789 (Choen, Pinstrup-
Andersen, 1999) and somehow is resembled by the
Venezuelan food crisis in the present era.
As the economy of Venezuela continues to plummet, prices

of commodities skyrocket to unreasonable figures. Although
the Venezuelan government sells some food packets at a
regulated price, only 12.6 million Venezuelans have access
to these packets which is only about one-third of the total
population of the country (Singer, 2018).
Food does play an important role in maintaining
health. functioning and even peaceful domestic and
international environment. Therefore, food security
must be one of the priorities of all governments in the
world.
Ensuring that a country's economy can withstand a
recession will help mitigate the negative effects of
food security problems. Establishing an international
network to address food security issues, food security
issues in other countries, is a gas that all members of
the international community must strive for.
Food Security in the
Philippines
The Philippines, an archipelago with a diverse range of agricultural activities,
faces unique challenges in food security:
Natural disasters: The country is prone to typhoons, earthquakes, and volcanic
eruptions, which can devastate agricultural areas.
Economic factors: Poverty and limited access to markets affect the ability of
many Filipinos to secure food.
Agricultural practices: Small-scale and traditional farming practices, though
vital, often struggle to meet the demands of a growing population.
Example: Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) The devastation caused by Typhoon
Haiyan in 2013 significantly impacted food security in the affected regions.
The destruction of crops, livestock, and fishing infrastructure left many
without food sources, highlighting the vulnerability of the Philippines to
natural disasters .
Food Security in General Santos City General Santos
City
Agriculture and Fishing: The city is known for its tuna industry and
diverse agricultural outputs including fruits and grains.
Economic activities*: The local economy relies heavily on these

industries, which contribute to both local food security and
national food supply chains.
Challenges: Despite its productive capacity, issues such as

poverty, inadequate infrastructure, and environmental
degradation can affect food security.
Example: Tuna Industry The robust tuna fishing industry in

General Santos City not only provides a significant portion of the
local diet but also supports economic stability. However,
overfishing and environmental changes pose risks to this
industry, which could impact food security if not managed
sustainably .
Thank
You
Presented by:
• Kimberly Canlas
• Junica Andea
• Ferlyn Deligos
• Rainnier Hapus

Food Security

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FOOD

Rationing of food, especially in developing or underdeveloped countries, is

AVAILABILITY STABILITY ACCESS UTILIZATION

As the economy of Venezuela continues to plummet, prices

Economic activities*: The local economy relies heavily on these

Challenges: Despite its productive capacity, issues such as

Example: Tuna Industry The robust tuna fishing industry in

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