Science and Technology in India

Science and
Technology in
India
PRESENTED BY
SHASHWATH
India:
development on
science and
technology
AFTER INDEPENDENCE, JAWAHARLAL NEHRU, THE FIRST PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA,
INITIATED REFORMS TO PROMOTE HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
IN INDIA.[2] THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (IIT)—CONCEIVED BY A 22-MEMBER
COMMITTEE OF SCHOLARS AND ENTREPRENEURS IN ORDER TO PROMOTE TECHNICAL
EDUCATION—WAS INAUGURATED ON 18 AUGUST 1951 AT KHARAGPUR IN WEST BENGAL
BY THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD.[3]
IIT’S IN INDIA
 IITs were soon opened in Bombay, Madras, Kanpur and Delhi as well in
the late 1950s and early 1960s along with the regional RECs (now
National Institutes of Technology (NIT). Beginning in the 1960s, close ties
with the Soviet Union enabled the Indian Space Research Organisation to
rapidly develop the Indian space program and advance
nuclear power in India even after the first nuclear test explosion by India
on 18 May 1974 at Pokhran
 .IIT KHARAGPUR OLD PICTURE
A
S
-
Y
B
1947 TO 1967
 India aimed "to convert India's economy into that of a modern state and to fit her
into the nuclear age and do it quickly."[2] It was understood that India had not
been at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution, and hence made an effort to
promote higher education, and science and technology in India.
 The Sino-Indian war (1962) came as a rude awakening to military
preparedness.[8] Military cooperation with the Soviet Union—partially aimed at
developing advanced military technology—was pursued during subsequent
years.[8] The Defence Research and Development Organisation was formed in
1958
 Radio broadcasting was initiated in 1927 but became state responsibility only in
1930.[9] In 1947 it was given the name All India Radio and since 1957 it has
been called Akashvani.[9] Limited duration of television programming began in
1959, and complete broadcasting followed in 1965.[9]
1967 TO 1987
 The roots of nuclear power in India lie in the early acquisition of nuclear
reactor technology from several western countries, particularly the
American support for the Tarapur Atomic Power Station and Canada's
CANDU reactors.
 In 1981, the Indian Antarctic Programme was started when the first Indian
expedition was flagged off for Antarctica from Goa. More missions were
subsequently sent each year to India's base Dakshin Gangotri
1987 TO PRESENT
 Indian agriculture benefited from the developments made in the field of

biotechnology, for which a separate department was created in 1986 under
the Ministry of Science and Technology. Both the Indian private sector and
the government have invested in the medical and agricultural applications of
biotechnology Massive biotech parks were established in India while the
government provided tax deduction for research and development under
biotechnological firms
 Bangalore is considered to be the technological capital of India. IT,
biotechnology, aerospace, nuclear science, manufacturing technology,
automobile engineering, chemical engineering, ship building, space science,
electronics, computer science and other medical science related research
and development are occurring on a large scale in the country. The southern
part of India is responsible for the majority of technology and advancements
the country has made
SPACE EXPLORATION
 The Mars Orbiter Mission, also called "Mangalyaan", was launched on 5

November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is
India's first interplanetary mission, making ISRO the fourth space agency
to reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the
European Space Agency.
 On 18 November 2008, the Moon Impact probe was released from
Chandrayaan-1 at a height of 100 km (62 mi). During its 25-minute
descent, Chandra's Altitudinal Composition Explorer (CHACE) recorded
evidence of water in 650 mass spectra readings gathered during this time. ]
On 24 September 2009 Science journal reported that the Chandrayaan-1
had detected water ice on the Moon.
PICTURES
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 Indian agriculture benefited from the developments made in the field of

 The Mars Orbiter Mission, also called "Mangalyaan", was launched on 5

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