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Combinationalcircuits 121222020429 Phpapp02

DIGITAL FUNDAMENTSL

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hiro142sweethome
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14 views24 pages

Combinationalcircuits 121222020429 Phpapp02

DIGITAL FUNDAMENTSL

Uploaded by

hiro142sweethome
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Combinational Logic

Designs Examples

-By Meet.C , Shabbir, Meet


Roll no - 1108, 1109, 1110
overview
 What is combinational logic circuit ?
 Examples of combinational logic
circuits
 Binary-adder
 Binary-subtractor
 Binary-multiplier
 Decoders
 Multiplexers
Combinational logic circuit
 Combinational circuits consists of
logic gates whose outputs depends on
the present inputs .They have no
memory element .
 It consists of input variables , logic
gates & output variables .
Binary-Adder
 Half-Adder :
 A combinational circuit that performs
the addition of two bits at a time is called
“ Full-Adder ‘’ .
 The input variables designate the
augend and addend bits ; the output
variables produce the sum & carry .
Circuit & truthtable of Half-Adder
Circuit diagram Truthtable
Full-Adder :
 A combinational circuit that performs the
addition of three bits at a time is called “
Full-Adder ’’
 Block diagram & the truth table of Full-
Adder .
Circuit diagrams of full-adder
Binary-Adder
 A Binary-Adder is a digital circuit that
produces the arithmatic sum of two
binary numbers at a time .
 It can also construct by cascading no
of full-adders we get a N-bit binary-
adder circuit .
 An N-bit adder requires n full-adders
with each output carry connected to the
input carry to the next full-adder .
For adding 4-bit binary numbers we
need four full-adders as shown below :

consider two binary numbers


A=1011 & B =0011
Binary-subtractor
 Half-subtractor :
 A combinational circuit which performs
the subtraction of two bits at a time is
called “ Half-subtractor “ .
 It has two inputs & two outputs . The two
inputs x & y form the minuend &
subtrahend & D is the difference output &
B is the borrow output .
Circuit & truthtable of half-
subtractor
 circuit diagram  Truthtable
Full subtractor
 A combinational circuit which
performs the subtraction of three bits
at a time is called “ Full subtractor “ .
 A full subtractor has three inputs x y
Bin & two outputs D & Bout .
Circuit & truthtable of full subtractor
 circuit diagram  Truthtable
Binary-subtractor
 The subtraction can be done by taking
the 2’s compliment of B and adding it
to A .
 2’s compliment can be obtained by
taking the 1’s compliment and adding 1
to least significant bit .
 1’s compliment can be obtained by
changing 1’s into 0’s & 0’s into 1’s .
Four-bit adder-subtractor
Continues…..
 In this circuit the mode input m
controls the operation . When m=0 , the
circuit is an adder circuit . When m=1,
the circuit becomes a subtractor .
 The c & v are two outputs . C is for
carry & v is for overflow . If v=0 after an
addition or subtraction ,then no
overflow occurred and the n-bit result
is correct . If v=1 , then the result of the
operation contains n+1 bits .
Binary-multiplier
 The multiplication of binary numbers
is performed in the same way as
multiplication of decimal numbers .
 If we take the multiplication of 2-bit
numbers . The multiplicand bits are
B1 & B0 , the multiplier bits are A1 &
A0 and the product is C3,C2,C1,C0 .
2-bit by 2-bit multiplier circuit
Decoders
 A decoder is a combinational circuit
that converts binary information from n
input lines to a maximum of 2n unique
output lines .
 Generally a decoder is called as n to m
line decoder .
 A decoder is used to convert binary
form to any other desired form .
Three - to - eight line decoder
 This three - to - eight line decoder is
used to binary to octal conversions .
Multiplexer
 multiplexer is a combinational circuit
that selects binary information from
one of many input lines and directs it to
a single output line .
 Normally there are 2n input lines and n
selection lines whose bit combinations
determines which input is selected .
 A multiplexer is also called ‘ Data
selector ’
Four - to - one line multiplexer
circuit & truth table :
CONCLUSION

Combinational logic design plays a fundamental


role in digital electronics and computing systems.
It is essential for creating circuits where the
output solely depends on the current input
without regard to previous state. By using basic
logic gates (AND, OR,NOT,XOR,etc.), complex
circuits can be developed to perform arithmetic,
decision-making, and control task.

September 26, 2024 23


THANK YOU

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