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PATHFIT3

PATHFIT 3: Track and Field

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58 views17 pages

PATHFIT3

PATHFIT 3: Track and Field

Uploaded by

garciaamerie10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PATHFIT 3:

Track
and field
History of track
and field
• Track and field is one of the oldest sports,
with its beginnings in ancient Greece. The
first Olympic Games, which started in 776
BC, featured track and field events.
• Back then, the events included running
races, long jump, discus throw, javelin
throw, and the pentathlon—a combination of
five events. These competitions were held to
honor the gods and were a big part of Greek
culture.
• Although the original games were for men,
women later had their own games called the
Heraea Games, held every four years.
• The Greek Olympic Games continued for
Revival in the 19th
History Century:
• Track and field started to
modernize in the late 19th
century in England and the US.
The first modern Olympics in
Athens in 1896 included track and
field events.
Modern Formation of IAAF:

Development • In 1912, the International Association


of Athletics Federations (IAAF) was
formed to set rules and organize
competitions. This was important for
making the sport more organized and
global.
History
Track and field became more
organized and widely known in
the 20th and 21st centuries.
Major events like the World
Championships and the
Olympics now showcase top
athletes from around the world.
Today, track and field has many
events, including sprints,
distance running, jumps, throws,
and combined events like the
decathlon and heptathlon.
sports under track and field

RUNNING EVENTS WALKING EVENTS

JUMPING EVENTS THROWING EVENTS


RUNNING
EVENTS
DASHES
The 100-meter dash, which attracts the
“world’s fastest humans,” requires all-
out speed over the entire distance of
the race—often called sprinting.

DISTANCE RACES
Distance races cover 3,000, 5,000, or 10,000 meters. A
marathon course measures 42,195 meters, or 26 miles
385 yards. Cross-country courses take runners over natural
terrain and across natural barriers.
RUNNING
EVENTS
RELAY
Relay races are 4 × 100- and 4 × 400-meter
sprint events. A relay is a four-member-team
event in which each member runs an equal
part, called a leg or split, of the total
distance.

HURDLES
The 110-meter (100-meter for women) and
400-meter hurdles are sprint events with 10
flights of hurdles placed at intervals across the
running lanes.
track and field
JUMPING EVENTS
In jumping events athletes must convert speed and spring into
distance and height.

THE HIGH JUMP


The high jump is contested in a near half-circle area with a smooth
level surface. The crossbar is about 13 feet (4 meters) long and
rests on two movable, adjustable uprights. The jumper can
approach the bar from any direction and take off from either foot.

THE POLE VAULT


The pole vault is executed with a flexible pole about 16 feet
long. As the vaulter moves down the runway, pole in hand, he
plans to reach top speed at the moment he slides the end of
the pole into a box-like socket.
track and field
THE LONG JUMP
The long jump begins with an approach on a long runway. The
runner paces himself to reach maximum speed at the takeoff
board. Jumps are measured from the pit side of the 8-inch-wide
takeoff board to the sand at the point of contact nearest the
takeoff board.

THE TRIPLE JUMP


The triple jump begins with a run from a pre-marked spot. The
athlete reaches the takeoff board and leaps from one foot,
which must be landed on. He then steps from that foot to the
opposite one, which is used to drive off for the final third of the
jump.
track and field
THROWING
EVENTS
All throwing field events start behind an arc or in a circle that must not be
crossed while making throws. Throws must land in clearly defined areas, called
sectors, to be valid. To protect competitors and spectators, the discus and
hammer are thrown from within wire cages. Valid throws are measured from
point of first impact.

THE JAVELIN
The javelin is a spear-shaped implement of metal or wood
about 81/2 feet long for men and 7 feet for women. The
thrower releases the javelin at the end of a short run. The
javelin must land point first in the ground to be a valid throw.
track and field
THE DISCUS
The discus is a plate-shaped disk made of metal and wood
weighing a little less than 41/2 pounds for men and half that
much for women. With the discus in hand, the thrower stands
facing the rear of the throwing circle. After a revolution and a half,
the athlete slings the discus up and away.

SHOT PUT
The shot, a 16-pound ball for men and less than 9 pounds for
women, is also thrown from a circle. Starting from the rear of
the circle, the thrower can make a revolution and a half, as in
throwing the discus, or glide across the circle to explode off
the power leg on the throwing-hand side to get maximum
thrust from the putting arm.
track and field
HAMMER THROWING
The discus is a plate-shaped disk made of metal
and wood weighing a little less than 41/2 pounds
for men and half that much for women. With the
discus in hand, the thrower stands facing the rear
of the throwing circle. After a revolution and a half,
the athlete slings the discus up and away.
track and field
TWO-DAY EVENTS

THE DECATHLON

The decathlon takes two days to complete. The 100-meter dash, long
jump, shot put, high jump, and 400-meter dash are held on the first
day; the 110-meter hurdles, discus throw, pole vault, javelin throw,
and 1,500-meter run, on the second. Scoring is based on tables that
compare the performance with records in each of the ten events.

THE HEPTATHLON

The heptathlon is a two-day event for women. The 100-meter


hurdles, high jump, shot put, and 200-meter dash are held on the
first day; the long jump, javelin, and 800-meter run, on the
second. In the 1984 Olympic Games, the women’s heptathlon
replaced their five-event pentathlon.
etiquette in athletics
Follow the rules of
the game!!

Accept calls and don't argue with


officials. Support your teammates by
saying something like, "Good shot" or
"Good try." Don't criticize them if they
make a mistake.
athletics

Before, during, and after the


game, it is essential to
demonstrate excellent
sportsmanship, regardless of
whether you have won or lost.
Make sure to act in a manner that
is appropriate for an athlete, which
includes being fair and showing
respect to the other competitors.
etiquette in athletics
avoiding interfering with other
competitors, waiting for the starter's
gun to go off before racing, jumping
or throwing before the foul line,
jumping over the bar without
causing it to fall, and passing the
baton, which is a hollow metal tube,
to other teammates are all
important factors to consider.
track and field
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