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Computer Generations

Computer Generations

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6 views7 pages

Computer Generations

Computer Generations

Uploaded by

livehappy979
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Computer Generations

SlideMake.com
Introduction to Computer Generations

Computer generations refer to the


evolution of computer technology
over time.

Each generation is characterized by


significant technological
advancements and innovations.

Understanding these generations


helps in appreciating the rapid growth
and changes in computing.
First Generation (1940-1956)

First-generation computers used


vacuum tubes for circuitry and
magnetic drums for memory.

They were large, expensive, and


consumed a lot of electricity, making
them impractical for personal use.

Examples include the ENIAC and


UNIVAC, which were primarily used for
scientific calculations and data
processing.
Second Generation (1956-1963)

The second generation saw the


introduction of transistors, which
replaced vacuum tubes.

This led to smaller, faster, and more


reliable computers at a reduced cost.

Notable examples include the IBM


7094 and the CDC 1604, which were
used in business and academia.
Third Generation (1964-1971)

The third generation marked the


development of integrated circuits
(ICs), which combined multiple
transistors into a single chip.

This advancement further reduced the


size and cost of computers while
increasing their efficiency and speed.

Popular models from this era include


the IBM System/360 and the PDP-8,
which broadened the computing
market.
Fourth Generation (1971-Present)

Fourth-generation computers are


characterized by the use of
microprocessors, which contain
millions of transistors on a single chip.

This generation has led to the


development of personal computers,
smartphones, and other portable
devices.

Innovations such as graphical user


interfaces and networking have
transformed how we interact with
computers.
References

Stallings, William. "Computer


Organization and Architecture:
Designing for Performance." 10th
Edition. Pearson, 2015.

Mano, M. Morris, and Charles R. Kime.


"Logic and Computer Design
Fundamentals." 5th Edition. Pearson,
2017.

Tanenbaum, Andrew S., and Herbert


Bos. "Modern Operating Systems." 4th
Edition. Pearson, 2015.

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