SCOPE AND

DELIMITATION
Practical Research 2
 4 PICS, 1 WORD!
Directions: The class will be divided into 5 groups. Each

student will be working with their group member. With the

use of paper and marker, the group will guess the word in

the 4 Pics, 1 word game. The group with the correct

answer will earn points.

OBJECTIVES
SCOP
E
RESEARCH
COLLECTION
 Lesson 8: Scope and Delimitation of the
Study

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

a. define a scope and delimitation;

b. know the difference between limitation and delimitation;

c. know the things to be included in writing scope and

delimitation of the study; and

d. write the scope and delimitation of their research study.

Scope
 Simply put, the scope is the domain of your
research. It describes the extent to which the
research question will be explored in your study.
 Articulating your study's scope early on helps
you make your research question focused and
realistic.
 Example:
Your research question is, “What is the impact of bullying on the mental
health of adolescents?” This topic, on its own, doesn't say much about
what's being investigated.

The scope, for example, could encompass:

• Variables: “bullying” (dependent variable), “mental health”

(independent variable), and ways of defining or measuring them

• Bullying type: Both face-to-face and cyberbullying

• Target population: Adolescents aged 12–17

• Geographical coverage: France or only one specific town in France

Delimitations
• Boundaries that the researcher sets in a
research study, deciding what to include and what
to exclude.
• Help to narrow down the study and make it more
manageable and relevant to the research goal.
• Delimitations are in your control
• Your study does not become impossibly large to
complete
• Often strongly related to your theory and
research questions
Common Examples of Delimitations
1. Inclusion/exclusion criteria
2. Research questions or problems you have
chosen to examine

Several other common sources of delimitations

include the followings:
1. Theoretical framework or perspective adopted.
2. Methodological framework or paradigm chosen.
3. The variables you have chosen to measure or
manipulate.
Limitations
• Limitations are those elements that may limit what can
you say about the results.

• There are what elements will affect the ability for your
study to generalize the results. Limitations occur in all types
of research and are, for the most part, outside the
researcher’s control given practical constraints, such as
time, funding, and access to populations of interest. They
are threats to the study’s internal or external validity.
In quantitative research, common limitations
include the following:

1. Participant drop-out

2. Small sample size, low power

3. Non-representative sample

4. Violations of statistical assumptions

5. Non-experimental design, lack of manipulation of

variables, lack of controls

6. Potential confounding variables

Scope and Delimitation
The scope of the study describes the coverage of the study. It identifies the
boundaries of the study in terms of subjects, objectives, facilities, area, time
frame, and the issues to which the research is focused.

In writing this section,

• Cite data collection

• Identify school involved, number of classes, their grade/year level, number of

participants (or respondents, subjects), and topics of lessons covered (if
applicable).

• State inadequate measures of variables, loss or lack of participants, small

sample sizes, errors in measurement, and other factors typically related to data
collection and analysis.
What are the boundaries that perhaps the
design of your study may include?
• A brief statement of the general purpose of the study.

• The subject matter and topics studied and discussed.

• The locale of the study, where the data were gathered or the
entity to which the data belong.

• The population from which the respondents were selected.

• A limitation in the scope and validity of your survey instrument.

• Limitations to your choice of methodology.

• The period of the study which is the time, either months or years,
during which the data were gathered.
 Components of Scope and
Delimitation
In writing the scope and delimitation of your study, you are also
asking the basic profile questions of your research. The following
are the components of the scope and delimitation of the study but
not limited to:

Topic of the study: What are the variables to be included and

exclude?
Objectives or Problems to be Addressed: Why are you doing
this study?
Time Frame: When are you going to conduct this study?
Locale of the Study: Where are you going to gather your data?
Characteristics of the Respondents: Who will be your
respondents?
Method and Research Instruments: How are going to collect
the data?
EXAMPLES
 PERFORMANCE OF SPECIAL SCIENCE CLASSES IN PHYSICS IN
THE PANGASINAN DIVISION II, S.Y. 2012-2013

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study was confined on determining the performance of
Special Science Classes (SSC) in Physics in the Pangasinan Division
II, for the School Year 2012-2013. The investigation also focused
on the different attributes (i.e. personal, home, teacher and school)
and the level of performance of the students in Physics (i.e. GPA in
3rd year Physics).
It also looked into the variables which significantly affect the
performance of the students in Physics. The researcher included
two hundred sixteen (216) SSC students, a total enumeration from
four (4) recognized mother high schools offering SSC curriculum in
Pangasinan Division II.
 FACTORS AFFECTING THE STUDY HABITS OF BACHELOR
OF SECONDARY EDUCATION MATHEMATICS
STUDENTS IN THE NEW NORMAL

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The primary purpose of this study is to determine the factors that
affect the study habits of the Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in
Mathematics students of Pangasinan State University Sta. Maria Campus
in the new normal. It also focuses on the demographic profile of the
students, the factors/problems encountered in terms of academic
learning and learning environment, and their study habits. This study is
limited only to all the BSEd Mathematics students of Pangasinan State
University Sta. Maria Campus, during the S.Y. 2021-2022. Moreover, a
total of 133 BSEd-Math students from 1st to 4th year are currently
enrolled at Pangasinan State University Sta Maria Campus.
 LEARNING STYLES AND LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE
FIRST-YEAR MATH STUDENTS IN PLANE TRIGONOMETRY:
A CORRELATIONAL STUDY
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
This study focuses on determining the relationship between the learning
styles and learning achievements of the first-year math students in Plane
Trigonometry. It focuses on the three (3) learning styles, the visual, auditory, and
kinesthetic, and on the three (3) learning achievements, mastery of knowledge
and skills, high-quality students work, and character. This study is limited to all
the 1st year math students enrolled in Pangasinan State University, Sta. Maria
Campus, during the S.Y. 2021-2022. First-year math consists of forty-four (44)
students wherein there are twenty-nine (29) females and fifteen (15) males.
The respondents will be obtained using quota sampling. Quota sampling is
a sampling approach that collects data from a homogenous set of people. A
survey questionnaire will be used as the data gathering tool for this study. The
conduct of this study will cover the school year 2021-2022.
Remember:
 Scope of study describe the coverage of the study.
 The scope of the study identifies the boundaries of the study in terms of
subjects, objectives, facilities, area, time frame, and the issues to which the
research is focused.
 The delimitation of the study pertains to the boundaries of the research
with respect to the major variables.
 Delimitation is used to make the study better and more feasible and not
just for the interest of the researchers.
 The scope and delimitation should include the topic of the study,
objectives of the study, issues it will address, time frame, locale of the
study, and characteristics of the participants.
 In writing the scope and delimitation of the study, make sure that there
are reasons for inclusion and exclusion of some variables.
Test I. Choose the correct answer and write your answer on the space provided.
______1. In writing the scope and delimitation of the study, indicate the reasons for inclusion and
exclusion of some variables. The identity of the participants may be discussed in the scope and
delimitation of the study.
A. Both statements are TRUE.
B. Both statements are FALSE.
C. The first statement is TRUE, the second statement is FALSE.
D. The first statement is FALSE, the second statement is TRUE.
______2. Which of the following phrases could be use in writing the scope of the study?
I. The coverage of this study…
II. The study consists of…
III. The study covers the…
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II and III
D. I, II, and III
______3. The content of the scope and delimitation of the study contains the following items:
I. Objectives of the study
II. Title of the study
III. Topic of the study
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II and III
D. I, II, and III
Test I. Choose the correct answer and write your answer on the space provided.
______1. In writing the scope and delimitation of the study, indicate the reasons for inclusion and
exclusion of some variables. The identity of the participants may be discussed in the scope and
delimitation of the study.
A. Both statements are TRUE.
B. Both statements are FALSE.
C. The first statement is TRUE, the second statement is FALSE.
D. The first statement is FALSE, the second statement is TRUE.
______2. Which of the following phrases could be use in writing the scope of the study?
I. The coverage of this study…
II. The study consists of…
III. The study covers the…
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II and III
D. I, II, and III
______3. The content of the scope and delimitation of the study contains the following items:
I. Objectives of the study
II. Title of the study
III. Topic of the study
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II and III
D. I, II, and III