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Pascal's Principle and Its Applications

Lesson about pascal' principle and its applications

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NGAYINTERANYA Janvier
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49 views12 pages

Pascal's Principle and Its Applications

Lesson about pascal' principle and its applications

Uploaded by

NGAYINTERANYA Janvier
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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I am NGAYINTERANYA Janvier Physics Teacher

In this video we are going to discuss about:


Pascal’s Principle and its Applications
Though this unit we are going to discuss about:
 Fluid static and pressure in fluids at rest
 Pascal’s principle
 Transmission of pressure in fluids
 Difference of pressure
 Pascal’s Principle calculation
 Applications of Pascal’s Principle
 End Unit Assessment
Key unit competence
The learner should be able to explain
transmission of pressure in fluids at rest and
describe its applications.
Fluid static and pressure in fluids at rest
Fluid static (also called hydrostatics) is the
science of fluids at rest.
Fluid is defined as a substance that continually
deforms under an applied shear stress. All
liquids, gases and plasmas.
Pascal’s principle and its application
Pascal’s law or Pascal’s principle states that:
“pressure applied to an enclosed fluid, is
transmitted equally to every part of the fluid.”
Transmission of pressure in fluids
When force is applied to the piston the pressure exerted on the
water is transmitted equally throughout the water so that water
comes out of all the holes with equal force.
Difference of pressure
The difference of pressure due to a difference in elevation within a fluid
column is given by: Δp = - = ρg- ρg
= ρg - Δh
is the fluid density (in kilograms per cubic meter kg/);
g is sea level acceleration due to Earth’s gravity (in meters per second
squared m/);
Δh is the height of fluid above (in meters m), or the difference in
elevation between the two points within the fluid column.
Pascal’s Principle calculation
A hydraulic pump is used to lift a car; When a small force
F is applied
to a small area A of a movable piston it creates a
pressure p = F/A. This
pressure is transmitted to and acts on a larger movable
piston of area A’
which is then used to lift a car.
Applications of Pascal’s Principle
A hydraulic press is a hydraulic mechanism for applying a
large compressive force.
The hydraulic brake is a braking mechanism which uses brake fluid,
typically containing ethylene glycol, to transfer pressure from the
controlling unit, which is usually near the driver of the vehicle, to the brake
cylinder, which is usually at or near the wheel of the vehicle.
A water tower or elevated water tower is a large elevated
water storage container constructed for the purpose of holding a water
supply at a height sufficient to pressure rise a water distribution
system.
Hydrostatic paradox

Why the pressure does not depend upon the shape of the vessel or the
amount of fluid in the vessel but rests upon three things below:
1. Pressure is force per unit area and this is not the same as the total
weight of the liquid in a vessel.
2. A fluid cannot support itself without a container. Thus the walls of the
container exert a pressure on the fluid equal to the pressure of the fluid
at that depth.
3. The pressure at a given level is transmitted equally throughout the
fluid to be the same value at that level.
END UNIT ASSESSMENT
1. a) i) With the aid of a diagram show how pressure in a liquid
increases with depth of the liquid. (3marks)
ii) Name another quantity, besides depth of a liquid, on which variation
of pressure in liquids depends. (1mark)
(b)Thedensityoflakewateris1000kg/ of the lake water is 45000Pa.
Calculate the depth of the point A under the surface of the lake water.
(2marks)
c) It is better to use a liquid in hydraulic machines than a gas. Why?
(2marks)
d) Give two examples, where transmission of pressure in liquids in
applied. (2 marks)
2. a) Briefly explain how a hydraulic press works. Use a labeled diagram
to make your answer clear. (7 marks)
b) Where is transmission of pressure in liquids applied in cars?(1 mark)
c) Calculate force (2 marks)

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