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Chapter 3

Research methodology ppt

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16 views10 pages

Chapter 3

Research methodology ppt

Uploaded by

er.ashimamittal2013
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DR

CHAPTER-3
D R D E E PA K C H AW L A

RESEARCH DESIGNS:
NEENA SONDHI

EXPLORATORY & DESCRIPTIVE

RESEARCH CONCEPTS AND


SLIDE 3-1

Three tenets of research designs


DR

1. Convert the research question and stated assumptions


/hypotheses into operational variables that can be
measured;
D R D E E PA K C H AW L A

2. Specify the process that would be followed to


complete the above task, as efficiently and
NEENA SONDHI

economically as possible; and

3. Specify the ‘control mechanism(s)’ that would be


used to ensure that the effect of other variables that
could impact the outcome of the study has been
minimized/negated.
RESEARCH CONCEPTS AND
SLIDE 3-2

Classification of research designs


DR

Research Design

Exploratory Conclusive
D R D E E PA K C H AW L A

Research Research
Design Design
NEENA SONDHI

Descriptive Causal
Research Research

Cross –
Longitudinal
Sectional
Design
Design

Single Multiple
Cross – Cross –
Sectional Sectional
Design Design

RESEARCH CONCEPTS AND


SLIDE 3-3

The design continuum


DR
D R D E E PA K C H AW L A
NEENA SONDHI

RESEARCH CONCEPTS AND


SLIDE 3-4

Types of research designs


DR

Exploratory research designs: are the simplest,


most flexible and most loosely structured designs. As
the name suggests, the basic objective of the study is
D R D E E PA K C H AW L A

to explore and obtain clarity on the problem situation.


NEENA SONDHI

Descriptive research designs: are more structured


and formal in nature. As the name implies the
objective of these studies is to provide a
comprehensive and detailed explanation of the
phenomena under study.

RESEARCH CONCEPTS AND


SLIDE 3-5

Exploratory research designs


DR

Secondary resource analysis: Secondary sources


of data give information –in terms of details of
previously collected findings in facts and figures –
D R D E E PA K C H AW L A

which has been authenticated and published.


NEENA SONDHI

Case method: it is intricately designed and reveals


a comprehensive and complete presentation of
facts, as they occur, in a single entity.This could be
an individual, an organisation or an entire country.

RESEARCH CONCEPTS AND


SLIDE 3-6

Exploratory research designs


DR

Expert opinion survey: valuable insights obtained


from experts which might be based on their
experience in the field or based on academic work
D R D E E PA K C H AW L A

done on the concept.


NEENA SONDHI

Focus group discussions: a carefully selected


representative sub set of the larger respondent
gather to discuss together, in a short time frame, the
subject/topic to be investigated.

RESEARCH CONCEPTS AND


SLIDE 3-7

Descriptive research designs


DR

Cross-sectional research designs: two criteria


1. carried out at a single moment in time, therefore the
applicability is temporal specific
D R D E E PA K C H AW L A

2. Conducted on a sub-section of the respondent


population
NEENA SONDHI

Variations
Single/multiple cross- sectional designs

Cohort analysis

RESEARCH CONCEPTS AND


SLIDE 3-8

Descriptive research designs


DR

Longitudinal studies: three criteria

1. The study involves selection of a representative


D R D E E PA K C H AW L A

group as a panel.
2. There are repeated measurement of the
NEENA SONDHI

researched variable on this panel over fixed


intervals of time.
3. Once selected the panel composition needs to
stay constant over the study period.

RESEARCH CONCEPTS AND


D R D E E PA K C H AW L A DR
NEENA SONDHI

RESEARCH
CONCEPTS AND
END OF CHAPTER

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