64th STAN ANNUAL

CONFERENCE,
ABUJA
19th – 22nd August,
2024
SSS MODULAR WORKSHOP
TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION
PANEL
MODULEL: BASIC ELECTRICITY
TOPIC: SOLDERING
PRESENTED BY: Judith James
abama
SUPPORTING:
TE
STS
EE
GSTM
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
DEFINITION OF SOLDERING

SOLDERING TECHNIQUES

SOLDERING JOINTS

DE-SOLDERING
 DEFINITION OF SOLDERING

EVOLUTION: Today people use electronics, jewelries,

refrigerators some machine tools and plumbing
components with little knowledge of what holds the
components and circuits together (solder).
Solder is a meltable filler metal that has existed in one
form or another for more than 4,000 years-long before
electronics existed as a modern context. Soldering
products are products used in our daily activities and
endeavor.
 DEFINITION OF SOLDERING CONT.
Soldering has been a part of electrical and electronics
manufacturing, dating back to the early 19th century.
The development of electrical devices and electronics
circuitry in the 1800s led to a need for a reliable
method of linking electrical components together. Prior
to the introduction of soldering, electrical components
were normally made by mechanical means such as
screw terminals, however they were less reliable and
more prone to failure.
Thanks to the industrial upswing in the 20th century,
soldering has been established as a manufacturing
process that has contributed to the rapid growth of
electrical and electronics industry.
 DEFINITION OF SOLDERING CONT.

 Soldering is a joining process used to join different

types of metals together by melting solder which
has a low melting point compared to other metals.
 Solder has it roots in Latin and French “soudur” means
to join or fasten with solder. While in Latin, “solidare”
means to make solid. Another word for solder could be
join, fasten, or fuse.
 Solder refers to both the substance and action.
 Solder {the glue used to keep the metals
together} is the filler substance used to solder
(v.).
 DEFINITION OF SOLDERING CONT.

 The verb “to solder” describes the action of joining two or

more metal pieces with soldering techniques.

 Soldering has important use in applications like

plumbing, auto repair, wiring, and creating computer
hardware.

 Soldering can be either mechanical or electrical.

 Differ in materials, melting point, diameter, and flux.

 DEFINITION OF SOLDERING CONT.
 Mechanical soldering
 Joiningof larger pieces of metal that require a
higher heat to solder, such as silver and brass.
 Use to:
 Join pipes in plumbing.

 Tighten joints and smooth surfaces in auto repair.

 Ensure leak roof metal gutters.

 Make jewelry.
For the purpose of this seminar, we will focus our
discussion on electrical soldering.
 ELECTRICAL SOLDERING

 The primary method of joining electrical components to the circuit board using
filler material (solder).

Circuit board Filler material (solder)

 ELECTRICAL SOLDERING CONT.
 Uses less heat and the work is more precise.

 Create connective electric flow in metal pieces and

wiring

 Merge wires with device terminals

 Create and repair hardware such as circuit boards

or motherboards.

 commonly used in electronics, because it is simple

and safe in joining sensitive materials.

 The joint allows current to flow through

uninterrupted.
 SOLDERING TECHNIQUES
TOOLS AND MATERIALS USE IN SOLDERING
 Variable temperature soldering iron: used for applying heat to joints
during the soldering process. It converts electric energy to heat energy.

 Solder:is a metal use to electrically and mechanically bond a

component to the circuit board.
 Secures the connection so it doesn’t break loose due to vibration or
other mechanical forces.
Provides electrical continuity, so that the electronic signal can travel
within the connection without interruption.
Is a combination of tin or lead metal alloy mixed with silver or brass.
 SOLDEIRNG TECHNQUES CONT.

 Damp sponge: for cleaning soldering iron tip.

 Wirecutters or side cutter: for trimming

component leads and stripping insulation from
wires.

 Needlenose pliers: for holding, placing and

shaping components.

 Desolderingpump and/or desoldering braid: for

removing solder.
 SOLDEIRNG TECHNQUES CONT.
 Acid brush: use to assist in the removal of flux residue.

 Scotch tape and/or a “Third Hand”: for securing

components.

 Safety glasses: use for eye protection. These are

mandatory in the lab.

 Magnifier: use to provide more detail during intricate

work. A magnifying glass is convenient, but an
illuminated magnifier is better.

 Light source: use to prevent eye-strain.

 SOLDEIRNG TECHNQUES CONT.

 Flux:
use to clean components, it removes oxides,
promotes wetting, enhances solder flow and
prevents re-oxidation.

 Ventilation:
use to extract and dispel fumes
generated during the soldering process.
 Solderingiron stand: It is never wise to place the
soldering iron on the work table when not in use
because of the risk of burnt and fire. The iron
should be returned to it stand when not in use.
 SOLDERING TIPS
Before you start soldering
 Clean the surfaces to be soldered (dirt free,
grease free and oxide-free)

 Put two target objects (to be soldered)

together.

 Make sure the mechanical connections

are secure before you apply solder.

 The parts should not be able to move in

relation to each other
 SOLDERING TIPS
 Wet the joint area with flux, if needed

 Pre-heat the joint area with soldering iron,

with all parts of the joint to be made at the
same temperature.

Place the soldering tip with the soldering

surface at an angle of 45 degree
 SOLDERING TIPS CONT.
 Apply
solder at the joint where the iron is
connecting.
You should be heating the joints, not
the solder.
Remove when sufficient solder has
flowed down to the joint and leave a
slight swell.
Don’t apply too much solder, as it can
flow over into other places and cause a
short circuit.
 SOLDERING TIPS CONT.
 Remove the solder and then soldering iron smoothly.

 Thewhole process should not last more than two

three seconds at most.

 Don’t touch the joint until it is cooled.

A good solder joint will look shiny and smooth.

A bad solder joint will look dull and cranky.

 SOLDERING PROCESS IN BRIEF
 Turn on soldering iron and let it get to temperature
 Clean soldering tip with a damp cloth or sponge
 Install the component and hold in place with a physical connection
 Heat the component lead and the adjacent circuit board pad – apply
the right amount of heat (art)
 Touch solder to the component lead and pad - melt the right amount
of solder (art)
 Remove solder
 Remove heat (art)
 Hold steady until cool
 Inspect the connection (art and good eye)
SOLDERING PROCESS IN BRIEF
CONT.
 HOW TO MAKE A PERFECT SOLDER JOINT
 Mount The Component – Begin by inserting the leads of the LED
into the holes of the circuit board. Flip the board over and bend the
leads outward at a 45′ angle. This will help the component make a
better connection with the copper pad and prevent it from falling out
while soldering.
 SOLDERING PROCESS

 Heat The Joint – Turn your soldering iron on and if it has an

adjustable heat control, set it to 400’C. At this point, touch the tip of
the iron to the copper pad and the resistor lead at the same time. You
need to hold the soldering iron in place for 3-4 seconds in order to
heat the pad and the lead.
 SOLDERING PROCESS
 Apply Solder To Joint – Continue holding the soldering iron on the
copper pad and the lead and touch your solder to the joint.
 IMPORTANT – Don’t touch the solder directly to the tip of the iron.
You want the joint to be hot enough to melt the solder when it’s
touched. If the joint is too cold, it will form a bad connection.
 SOLDERING PROCESS
 Snip The Leads – Remove the soldering iron and let the solder cool
down naturally. Don’t blow on the solder as this will cause a bad joint.
Once cool, you can snip the extra wire from leads.
 A proper solder joint is smooth, shiny and looks like a volcano or cone
shape.
 DESOLDERING
 To desolder a joint, you will need solder wick which is also known as
desoldering braid it is used for removing excess solder
 DESOLDERING
 Place a piece of the desoldering braid on top of the joint/solder you
want removed.
 Heat your soldering iron and touch the tip to the top of the braid. This
will
heat the solder below which will then be absorbed into the desoldering
braid. You can now remove the braid to see the solder has been
extracted and removed. Be careful touching the braid when you are
heating it because it will get hot.
 DESOLDERING
 De-Solder Vacuum Uses a vacuum action to pull solder from the
board. If you have a lot of solder you want remove, the mechanical
vacuum sucker is batter, it sucks up hot solder with a press of a
button.
 To use, press the plunger down at the end of the solder sucker. Heat
the joint with your soldering iron and place the tip of the solder
sucker over the hot solder. Press the release button to suck up the
liquid solder. In order to empty the solder sucker, press down on the
plunger.
 SOLDERING SAFETY GUIDELINES
 Never touch the tip of the soldering iron
 Hold wires to be heated with clamps.
 Keep the cleaning sponge wet during use.
 Always return the soldering iron to its stand when n
ot in use. Never put it on your workbench.
 Be sure that the stand is weighted enough or attach
ed to your worktable so that it
doesn’t topple over if you brush against the cord.
 Turn unit off or unplug it when not in use.
 SOLDERING SAFETY GUIDELINES

 Use the right size soldering iron for

your projects; too much heat can ruin your board or compone
nts.
 Never ever try to catch a hot soldering iron if you drop it. Let
it fall, buy a new one if you have to.
 Give any soldered surface a minute or two to cool down
before you touch it.
 Wear eye protection, solder can spit
 Use lead free solder keep cleaning solvents in dispensing
bottle to reduce inhalation hazards.
 Always wash your hands with soap and water after soldering.
 FIRST AID
 Immediately cool the affected area under cold water
for 15 minutes.
 Do not apply any creams or ointments. Cover with
a band‐aid.
 Seek medical attention if the burn covers an area bi
gger than 3 inches across.
 Conclusion
 In todays rapidly advancing technological
landscape, soldering skill has become more
essential than ever before.
 Engineers and technicians in electrical and
electronics, soldering skills is one of the essential
skills required today.
 Soldering skills will enable you design and construct
circuit project prototypes.
 It is essential for developing, maintaining, and
repairing electrical and electronic equipment and
enhance your professional prospects.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENEING