B.

TECH FIRST YEAR

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2022-2023 : 2020-
2021

COURSE NAME: BASIC ELECTRONICS

COURSE CODE : EC 1001
LECTURE SERIES NO : 01(ONE)
CREDITS : 3
MODE OF DELIVERY : ONLINE (POWER POINT PRESENTATION)
FACULTY :
EMAIL-ID :
PROPOSED DATE OF DELIVERY:
 “BASIC ENTITIES OF
SESSION OUTCOME DIGITAL
ELECTRONICS ”
ASSIGNMENT
QUIZ ASSESSMENT
MID TERM EXAMINATION –II
END TERM EXAMINATION
CRITERIA’S
 PROGRAM
OUTCOMES
MAPPING WITH
CO4

[PO1]

DEMONSTRATE DIFFERENT NUMBER SYSTEMS,

BOOLEAN EXPRESSIONS AND DIFFERENT
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS AND
TO PROMOTE DIFFERENT SKILLS TOWARDS
ELECTRONICS INDUSTRIES.
LOGIC GATES:

 Why logic gates are called gate?

Because they are based on physical semi-conductor devices, called gates.

The flow of electrons of your circuit is directed and controlled by the logical
operations that the circuit designer wanted them to follow. Then the
devices that control the flow of electrons are called gates.

What kind of gates? logic, digital gates operating with low voltages: 0 (no
difference in potential) and 1 (voltage applied).

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LOGIC GATES

 What are the uses of logic gates?

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 LOGIC GATES

 It is an electronic circuit, which makes logic decisions.

 A digital circuit is referred to as logic gate for simple reason i.e. it can be analysed based
on Boolean algebra.

 To make logical decisions, three gates are used.

 They are OR, AND & NOT gate. These logic gates are building blocks, which are available in
the form of IC.

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 OR GATE

 The OR gate performs logical additions commonly known as OR function.

 Two or more inputs and only one output.

 The operation of OR gate is such that a HIGH(1) on the output is produced when any of the
input is HIGH.

 The output is LOW(0) only when all the inputs are LOW.

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LOGICAL SYMBOL: TWO INPUT OR GATE

Truth table for two input OR gate:

Input Output
A B Y= A+B
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
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 AND GATE

 The AND gate performs logical multiplication.

 Two or more inputs and a single output.

 The output of an AND gate is HIGH only when all the inputs are
HIGH.

 Even if any one of the input is LOW, the output will be LOW .

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LOGICAL SYMBOL: TWO INPUT AND GATE

Truth table for two input AND gate:

Input Output
A B Y=A.B
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
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 NOT GATE (INVERTER)

 The NOT gate performs the basic logical function called inversion or complementation.

 The purpose of this gate is to convert one logic level into the opposite logic level.

 It has one input and one output.

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LOGICAL SYMBOL: NOT GATE

Truth Table
Input output
A Z= A’
0 1
1 0

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 NAND GATE

 The output of a NAND gate is LOW only when all inputs are HIGH and output of the NAND is
HIGH if one or more inputs are LOW.

Input Output
A B Y = (AB)’
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
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 NOR GATE

 The output of the NOR gate is HIGH only when all the inputs are LOW.

Input Output
A B Y= AB

0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0
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XOR GATE OR EXCLUSIVE OR GATE

 In this gate output is HIGH only when any one of the input is HIGH.
 The circuit is also called as inequality comparator, because it produces output when two
inputs are different.

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XOR GATE OR EXCLUSIVE OR GATE

Input Output
A B Y = A B
Y= A B = A + B
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

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XNOR GATE OR EXCLUSIVE NOR GATE

 An XNOR gate is a gate with two or more inputs and one output.
 XNOR operation is complementary of XOR operation. i.e. The output of XNOR gate is High,
when all the inputs are identical; otherwise it is low.

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 Input Output
A B Y= AB +AB
 Truth Table:
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1

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 UNIVERSAL LOGIC GATE

 NAND and NOR gates are called Universal gates or Universal building blocks, because both
can be used to implement any gate like AND,OR an NOT gates or any combination of these
basic gates.

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NAND GATE AS UNIVERSAL GATE

 NOT operation:

AND operation:

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 OR operation:

NOR operation:

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NOR GATE AS UNIVERSAL GATE:

NOT operation:

AND operation:

OR operation:

NAND operation:

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