Lesson 1 Computer Hardware

Topic I
Computer Hardware
Topic Objectives
 Indicate the names and functions of hardware ports
and the parts of the motherboard.
 Identify the names and distinguishing features of
different kinds of input and output devices.
 Describe how the CPU processes data and instructions
and controls the operation of all other devices.
 Identify the names, distinguishing features, and units
for measuring different kinds of memory and storage
devices.
Computer Hardware
Computer
A programmable electronic machine

that performs high-speed
mathematical or logical operations or
that assembles, stores, correlates, or
otherwise processes information.
Types of Computers
Super Computers
Mainframe Computers
Minicomputers
Microcomputers
CE0
6_PP
01-5
Supercomputers
 High capacity
 Used by very large
organizations
 Tracking space
 Tracking weather
Mainframe Computers
 Occupies specially wired, air-

conditioned rooms
 Capable of great processing
speeds and data storage
 Not as powerful as
supercomputers
Minicomputers
 Known as
midrange
computers
 Used by medium-
size companies
 Used by
departments of
large companies
Microcomputers
 Least powerful
 Widely used
 Fourtypes of
Microcomputers
Four Types of
Microcomputers
Desktop Notebook
 Desktop
 Notebook or laptop
 Tablet PC
 Handheld Handheld Tablet PC
Desktop Computers
Are small enough to fit on top of or

alongside a desk yet are too big to carry
around
Notebook or Laptop
Computers
Notebook, also known as laptop computers,
are portable, lightweight, and fit into most
briefcases
Tablet PC
Is a type of notebook computer

that accepts your handwriting. This
input is digitized and converted to
standard text that can be further
processed by programs such as a
word processor.
Handheld
Are the smallest and are also known as

palm computers. These systems typically
combine pen input, writing recognition,
personal organizational tools, and
communications capabilities.
Microcomputer Hardware
 System unit
 Input/output devices
 Secondary storage
 Communications
CE0
6_PP
01-
15
Page
The Basic Structure of A Computer
System Consists of Three Parts
1. CPU - Central Processing Unit

The Basic Structure of A Computer
System Consists of Three Parts
1. CPU
Performs arithmetic and logic operations
2. INPUT – OUTPUT DEVICES (Peripherals)
Keyboard, Monitor, Modem, Mouse, Joystick,
Speakers, Printers, etc.
3. MEMORY
Primary – directly accessible by the CPU.
Secondary – external memory for storing data.
Computer Hardware
The physical components of a

computer system, such as the
circuit boards, chassis, enclosures,
peripherals, cables, etc.
It does not include data or

computer programs.
Computer Diagram
The Block Diagram as shown below is a representation of
the fundamental pieces of any computer system. So
whether it is a PC or MAC or some other type of computer
it will have most if not all of these components.
Computer Hardware
RAM ROM
(Random Access Memory) (Read Only Memory)
Short term memory in a A small memory that

computer. When the allows fast access to
computer is turned off, all permanently stored data
the information stored but prevents addition to or
here disappears. A modification of the data.
memory device in which
information can be
accessed in any order.
Computer Hardware
RAM ROM
Computer Hardware
Central Processing Unit (CPU)

or
Microprocessor
Central Processing Unit
Computer Hardware
The CPU is usually protected

from Heat by a
Heatsink and Fan combination
Fan and Heat Sink
Motherboard
Motherboard
Motherboard
Computer Hardware
RAM CPU’s Hard Floppy CD ROM

Memory Processors Motherboards Drives Drives Drives
Video
Mice Keyboards Modems Monitors Printers
Cards
Multimedia Sound Video Backup Computer Other

Speakers Cards Camera Drive Cases Equipment
USB Flash Drives
USB flash drives are compact and easy-to-use
devices that are similar in use to your computer
hard drive. USB flash drives slip into your
pocket, conveniently around your neck or on a
keychain for ultimate portable storage.
USB flash drives also are called thumb drives,

jump drives, pen drives, key drives, tokens, or
simply USB drives.
Computer Hardware
Computer Hardware
Hard Drive
Cover Removed
Hard Disk and
Read/Write Heads
Disk Track
Adding RAM
COMPAQ 7000
Back of COMPAQ 7000
Input Terminals
Input & Output

Terminals
Input & Output

Terminals
Input & Output
Terminals
Power Input
AC Power
AC Power Input
Input
110 Volt
110 Volt // 220
220 Volt
Volt
Selection Switch
Selection Switch
Input & Output Terminals
Most Computers
Most Computers have
have Icons
Icons and
and
Color Coded
Color Coded Connections
Connections toto help
help
with attaching
with attaching all
all the
the Required
Required
and Optional
and Optional Peripherals.
Peripherals.
Keyboard
Keyboard Mouse
Mouse
Universal
Universal
USB
USB Bus
Serial Bus
Serial
Joystick
Joystick
Parallel
Parallel
Printer
Printer
Monitor
Monitor
FireWire
FireWire
IEEE
IEEE 1394
1394
Audio
Audio Inputs
Inputs and
and
Outputs
Outputs
NOT for
NOT for Ethernet Jack
Ethernet Jack
Phone
Phone
Line for
Line for Output for
Output for
Phone Modem
Phone Modem aa Phone
Phone
Inside View
Cards and Drives
Back of Drives
DVD DRIVE
CD/RW DRIVE
ZIP DRIVE
FLOPPY DRIVE
HARD DRIVE
Cards and Drives
Expansion Cards
VIDEO CARD
FireWire CARD
1394, i.LINK
SOUND CARD
EITHERNET CARD
MODEM CARD
Power Supply
Heat Sink and Fan
on CPU
RAM Cards
? What is This? ?
? ?
? ?
Battery
Warning
Static Electricity can

Destroy Computer
Components

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Topic I

A programmable electronic machine

 Occupies specially wired, air-

Are small enough to fit on top of or

Is a type of notebook computer

Are the smallest and are also known as

1. CPU - Central Processing Unit

The physical components of a

It does not include data or

Short term memory in a A small memory that

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The CPU is usually protected

RAM CPU’s Hard Floppy CD ROM

Multimedia Sound Video Backup Computer Other

USB flash drives also are called thumb drives,

Input & Output

Input & Output

Static Electricity can

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