Sun Osi
Sun Osi
OSI LAYER 1
gure 2.1 The process of sending a letter to a friend would be
omplex if there were no services available from the post office.
2.2
THE OSI MODEL
Established in 1947, the International Standards
Organization (ISO) is a multinational body dedicated to
worldwide agreement on international standards. An ISO
standard that covers all aspects of network
communications is the Open Systems Interconnection
(OSI) model. It was first introduced in the late 1970s.
2.3
Note
2.4
Figure 2.2 Seven layers of the OSI model
2.5
Figure 2.3 The interaction between layers in the OSI model
2.6
Figure 2.4 An exchange using the OSI model
2.7
LAYERS IN THE OSI MODEL
2.8
Note
2.9
Figure 2.5 Physical layer
DEVICES: HUBS,FDDI,ETHERNET
2.10
Note
2.11
Figure 2.6 Data link layer
DATA TRANSFORMATION
LOGICAL LINK,MAC
PHYSICAL ADDRESSING,N/W TOPOLOGY
N/W ACCESS,ERROR NOTIFICATION
FRAME TRANSMISSION,ACK,RETRANSMIT.
2.12
Figure 2.8 Example 1
2.13
Figure 2.7 Hop-to-hop delivery
2.14
Note
2.15
Figure 2.8 Network layer
2.16
Figure 2.9 Source-to-destination delivery
2.17
Note
2.18
Figure 2.10 Transport layer
DATA SPLITTING
ERROR AND FLOW CONTROL
DATA CHECKING
DEVICES: TCP,SPX,SLIDING WINDOWS
2.19
Figure 2.11 Reliable process-to-process delivery of a message
2.20
Note
2.21
Figure 2.12 Session layer
2.22
Note
2.23
Figure 2.13 Presentation layer
2.24
Note
2.25
Figure 2.14 Application layer
PROVIDING COMMON SERVICES
MAIL SERVICES,FILE TRANSFER&ACCESS
REMOTE LOGIN,WWW
SPREADSHEET,WORD PROCESSING
DEVICE: BROWSERS,EMAIL ETC
2.26
Summary….
2.27
Figure 2.15 Summary of layers
2.28
2-4 TCP/IP PROTOCOL SUITE
2.30
2-5 ADDRESSING
2.31
Figure 2.17 Addresses in TCP/IP
2.32
Figure 2.18 Relationship of layers and addresses in TCP/IP
2.33
Example 2.1
2.34
Figure 2.19 Physical addresses
2.35
Example 2.2
07:01:02:01:2C:4B
2.36
Example 2.3
2.37
Figure 2.20 IP addresses
2.38
Example 2.4
2.39
Figure 2.21 Port addresses
2.40
Note
2.41
Example 2.5
A port address is a 16-bit address represented by one
decimal number as shown.
753
2.42