Principle Of Learning and Education

Course
NUR 314
Chapter 1

Overview of Education in
Health Care
 Evolution of the teaching role of nurses
Health education has long been considered
a standard caregiving role of the nurse.
Patient teaching is recognized as an
independent nursing function.
Nursing practice has expanded to include
education in the broad concepts of health
and illness.
 Evolution of the teaching role of nurses
(cont’d)

American Hospital Association (AHA)

Patient’s Bill of Rights ensures that clients
receive complete and current
information.
Patient education was a significant part of
Patient’s Bill of Rights.
The Joint Commission (TJC)
Accreditation mandates require evidence
of patient education to improve outcomes.
Evolution of the teaching role of nurses (Cont’)

Healthy People 2000, Healthy People

2010, and Health People 2020 established
educational programs.
Pew Health Professions Commission
Put forth a set of health profession
competencies for the 21st century
Many of the competencies deal with
teaching.
 Evolution of the teaching role of nurses
(cont’d)

In nursing, patient education has long been a

major component.
Florence Nightingale was the ultimate educator.
National League of Nursing Education (NLNE),
now the National League for Nursing (NLN)
Observed in 1918 that health teaching is an
important function within the scope of
nursing practice
 Evolution of the teaching role of nurses
(cont’d)
American Nurses Association (ANA)
Responsible for establishing standards
and qualifications for practice, including
patient teaching
International Council of Nurses (ICN)
Endorses health education as an
essential component of nursing care
delivery
 Evolution of the teaching role of nurses
(cont’d)

State Nurse Practice Acts

Universally include teaching within the
scope of nursing practice

Nursing career ladders often incorporate

teaching effectiveness as a measure of
excellence in practice.
 Purpose, Goals, and Benefits of Client
and Staff Education
Purpose: To increase the competence and
confidence of clients to manage their own
self-care and of staff and students to deliver
high-quality care
Benefits of education to clients:
Increases consumer satisfaction
Improves quality of life
Ensures continuity of care
Purpose, Goals, and Benefits (cont’d)

Decreases client anxiety

Reduces incidence of illness
complications
Promotes adherence to treatment plans
Maximizes independence
Empowers consumers to become
involved in planning their own care
Purpose, Goals, and Benefits (cont’d)
Benefits of education to staff:

Enhances job satisfaction

Improves therapeutic relationships
Increases autonomy in practice
Provides opportunity to create change
that matters
 The Education Process
Definition of Terms
Education Process: A systematic, sequential,
planned course of action on the part of both
the teacher and learner to achieve the
outcomes of teaching and learning
Teaching/Instruction: A deliberate
intervention that involves sharing
information and experiences to meet the
intended learner outcomes
 The Education Process (cont’d)

Learning: A change in behavior (knowledge,

attitudes, and/or skills) that can be
observed or measured, and that can occur
at any time or in any place as a result of
exposure to environmental stimuli
 The Education Process (cont’d)
Patient Education: The process of helping
clients learn health-related behaviors to
achieve the goal of optimal health and
independence in self-care
Staff Education: The process of helping
nurses acquire knowledge, attitudes, and
skills to improve the delivery of quality
care to the consumer
 ASSURE Model
A useful paradigm to assist nurses to organize
and carry out the education process
 Analyze the learner
 State the objectives
 Select instructional methods and materials
 Use instructional methods and materials
 Require learner performance
 Evaluate/revise the teaching plan
 Contemporary Role of the Nurse As
Educator

Nurses act in the role of educator for a

diverse audience of learners—patients
and their family members, nursing
students, nursing staff, and other agency
personnel.
Despite the varied levels of basic nursing
school preparation, legal and
accreditation mandates have made the
educator role integral to all nurses.
 Contemporary Role of the Nurse As
Educator
The partnership philosophy stresses the
participatory nature of the teaching and
learning process.
The new educational paradigm focuses on
the learner learning.
Instead of the teacher teaching
The nurse becomes the “guide on the side.”
 Contemporary Role of the Nurse As
Educator
Nursing education transformation
Gap between nursing education and
practice
Patient engagement
Nursing Alliance for Quality Care
(NAQC) goals: Consumer-centered health
care, performance measurement and
public reporting, advocacy, and
leadership
Contemporary Role of the Nurse As Educator
Quality and safety education in nursing
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
(RWJF) Quality and Safety Education in
Nursing (QSEN) competencies:
Patient-centered care
Teamwork and collaboration
Evidence-based practice
RWJF Quality and Safety Education in
Nursing competencies (cont’d):
Quality improvement
Informatics
Safety
Institute of Medicine (IOM)
The Future of Nursing: Leading Change,
Advancing Health
Written in response to the Affordable
Care Act
Describes the role of nursing in a
transformed healthcare system
Institute of Medicine (cont’d)
The Future of Nursing recommendations:
Remove scope of practice barriers
Expand opportunities for nurses to lead
in collaborative efforts
Implement nurse residency programs
Institute of Medicine (cont’d)
The Future of Nursing recommendations
(cont’d):
Increase proportion of nurses with
baccalaureate degrees to 80% by 2020
Double number of nurses with a
doctorate by 2020
Institute of Medicine (cont’d)
The Future of Nursing recommendations
(cont’d):
Prepare and enable nurses to lead
change to advance health
Build infrastructure for the collection
and analysis of data
Ensure that nurses engage in lifelong
learning
 Barriers to Teaching

Barriers to teaching are those factors

impeding the nurse’s ability to optimally
deliver educational services.
Major barriers to teaching
include
 Obstacles to Learning
Obstacles to learning are those factors that
negatively impact on the learner’s ability to
attend to and process information.
Major Obstacles to Learning
 Reference
 Bastable, S. (2014): Nurse As Educator:
Principles of Teaching and Learning For Nursing
Practice. 3rd ed Jones and Bartlett Publishers,
Sudbury.